Learning: Classic Conditioning
classical - neutral paired with response
operant - system of consequences
the type of conditioning a token economy is
operant conditioning
Name something that affects development in the womb, and explain how
Teratogens- medicine, street drugs, alcohol. can cause birth defects
Nutrition - growth and development
illness- can affect growth and development
Substance Abuse- can cause behavioral and developmental problems long term
An age group that often pushes against expected norms of behavior, and often rebels against parents
Who are teenagers
Name at least one important behavioral or development psychologist
Skinner, Piaget, Erikson, Pavlov (AND MANY OTHERS)
the idea that if you are not allowed or able to do something, eventually you will stop trying
What is learned helplessness
the type of reinforcement that the seatbelt signal stopping to beep is
negitive reinforcement
The belief that we can learn things that are similar and slightly more challenging than things we have learned before.
The zone of proximal development, Lev Vygotsky
The Stage, according to Erikson, where many young adults seek a life partner
Intimacy v. Isolation
The ability of a person or animal that has been conditioned to tell the difference between possible stimulus
What is Stimulus discrimination
The process of losing the response to a stimulus
What is extinction
The type of reinforcement praise is
what is positive reinforcement?
The belief, usually extinguished by the age of 24 months that objects cease to exist when they cannot be seen.
What is object permanence
Seven-year-old Maria helps her mother wash the dishes, while her nine-year-old-brother helps their father with the yard work.
What is this?
Gender Role development
the belief that development is pushed by the way our parents and society raises us
What is nurture?
the behavior that can be trained through the application of an unconditioned stimulus
What is a response
The type of reinforcement a speeding ticket is
What is positive punishment
The inability to see a situation from another point of view
(The Three Mountain Problem)
What is Egocentrism
Gilligan's main issue with Kohlberg's theory
Gender differences between men and women's way of experiencing the world
A reward every five As is a
fixed ratio
In the classic case of Pavlov's dogs, name the unconditioned and conditioned stimulus
Conditioned: bell
Unconditioned: food
the schedule of reinforcement created by gambling
What is variable ratio
Seen as the ideal parenting style, which uses high expectations and high warmth
What is authoritative parenting
When you have decided on identity without exploring
What is identity foreclosure
The stage according to Erikson includes learning to rely on caregivers between birth and age 1
What is Trust V. Mistrust