Mendelian inheritance
Who was the mid-19th century Augustinian monk at St. Thomas' Abby who gained posthumous fame as the founder of modern hereditary genetics?
Gregor Mendel
What does F stand for in heredity and what it mean?
Filial - something relating to a song or daughter
What is a genotype?
the combination of alleles that an organism has for a characteristic.
When does crossing over occur during meiosis?
Prophase I
What is a dihybrid punnet square?
Cross between two parents that are heterozygous for two traits.
What do we call individual characteristics of an organism?
Traits
Mendel artificially combined the pure-breeding tall plants and pure-breeding short plants. What did he observe in the F1 generation?
They were all tall
What is a phenotype?
The expression/appearance of an organism, physical or other characteristics
What is crossing over during meiosis?
When portions of chromatids are exchanged as homologous chromosomes pair up in forming tetrads.
What is a gene map?
Relative locations of known genes on a chromosome
Before Mendel's garden experiments, people believed inheritance was always the average of two parents. Mendel disproved this belief. What was this belief called?
Blending inheritance
What happened when Mendel bred the F1 generation to produce the F2 generation?
3/4 of them were tall and 1/4 short
A BB (black fur) parent crossed with a WW (white fur) parent in a co-dominant trait for fur color would result in offspring having what?
Black and white fur
What does a haploid cell contain?
A single set of chromosomes for the organ represented as 1N.
What do gene maps tell us about independent assortment of genes?
The further two gene's loci are from one another, the higher the recombination frequency will be
What did Mendel work with in his garden to develop his ideas on heredity?
Garden peas
What is Mendel's Law of Segregation?
Each parent gives one copy of each gene pair for a trait to the offspring because the gene pairs segregate from each other during reproduction
A BB (black fur) parent crossed with a WW (white fur) parent in an incomplete dominance trait for fur color would result in offspring having what?
Grey fur
What does a diploid cell contain?
Two sets of chromosomes for the organism represented as 2N
Create a punnet square. Explain what it means.
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Mendel used pure-breeding self-pollinating plants for his experiments. What is a pure-breeding self-pollinating plant?
Plants that always reproduce the same characteristics in their offspring
What are alleles?
Different forms of genes that produce specific characteristics of a trait.
True or False: Mendel concluded after his heredity experiments that traits always blend into an average of two different characteristics for the same trait.
False. This is describing Blended Inheritance
What is the purpose of meiosis?
To produce genetically diverse haploid cells.
Create a dihybrid punnet square. Explain what it means
Approved by Mrs. DeVore