Time Period
In what period of time was child play natural and appropriate?
Ancient Greece, BC - Middle Ages
Who was the primary founder of Child Life?
Emma Plank
Virginia Axline created what kinds of therapy?
Nondirective Relationship Therapy and Play Therapy
The Puritans, John Locke, and Maria Montessori all believed in what reasoning for play?
Play not being encouraged.
True or False, John Locke believed in benefits of play.
False.
In what year did Emma Plank find the Child Life Profession?
1955
Who founded the first Kindergarten?
Friedrich Froebel
Erik Erikson believed in what theory?
Psychoanalytic Perspective
Gary Landreth believed in what reasoning for play?
“Child will lead us where she/he needs to go.” Play relieves stress and boredom and promotes relationships.
Maria Montessori and Friedrich Froebel believed in what benefit of play?
Structured play
What time period had lullabies for children and riddles and rhymes for adult?
Renaissance 1300-1600 AD
Who is the father of humanistic psychology? HINT: Person Centered Therapy
Carl Rogers
John Dewey created what theory?
"Progressive" Kindergarten
G.T.W Patrick believed in Renewal of Energy which gave what reasoning for play?
When a child is tired, relaxed, playtime allows a child to get a reboot of energy.
What did the Puritans believe when it came to the benefits of play?
Long, long school and work days; not much time for playing.
In what time period was Naturalism: “God makes all things good. Human meddling Brings evil.”
1700s in France
What two theorist's believed in Nurture trumps Nature?
John Watson and Lev Vygotsky
Karl Groos practiced what theory?
Practice for Adulthood
Herbert Spencer believed in Surplus Energy which gives what reasoning for play?
Play's purpose is to discharge natural energy from the body.
John Watson believed in what benefit of play?
“Children born with blank minds, we can train them to become/do anything.”
In what time period did individuals start questioning nurture vs. nature?
1700s in US colonies
Jerome Burner, Brian Sutton Smith, and Jean Piaget
G. Stanley Hall believed in what theory?
Recapitulation
Sigmund and Anna Frued believed in what reasoning for play?
Play reduces Objective Anxiety (fear of external world) by giving child illusion of power and control.
Jean-Jacques Rousseau believed in what benefit of play?
First twelve years of life should be time of leisure with adult intervention occurring only as a means of protecting children from acquiring vices.