Communicable Disease
Katie, a 2-year-old child, is brought to the doctor's office after 2 days of vomiting and diarrhea. Upon completion of the medical history, the mother tells the nurse that several of the other children at the daycare who played with the same toys as Katie have the same symptoms. The mode of transmission for the pathogen more likely was?
A. vector.
B. direct.
C. indirect
D. airborne
C. indirect
Which statement is true?
A. Women experience fewer disabilities resulting from chronic conditions than men do.
B. Most women do not actively seek information that will allow them to be in control of their own health.
C. Many factors that lead to morbidity and mortality among women are preventable
D. Women report a lower incidence of acute conditions than do males.
C. Many factors that lead to morbidity and mortality among women are preventable
he community health nurse is working with a client who has recently been diagnosed with diabetes. The physician has prescribed a diet and recommended adding an exercise regimen. Assessment reveals the client has been smoking two packs of cigarettes per day for approximately 30 years. Which statement most accurately reflects the appropriate approach for establishing health education priorities for this client?
A. The nurse must assist the client to recognize that smoking cessation should be the highest priority.
B. The nurse and client must partner in establishing health education priorities for the client
C. The client does not have his priorities in order and must be informed by the nurse as to the most important priority.
D. The nurse should not discuss smoking cessation because this is not the client's most important health issue.
B. The nurse and client must partner in establishing health education priorities for the client
In the 1850s, a researcher studied a cholera epidemic among people living in different sections of London. The researcher who used epidemiologic methods to study the epidemic and used rates as an epidemiologic tool was?
A. Joseph Lister.
B. William Farr.
C. John Snow
D. Edward Jenner.
C. John Snow
A community health nurse needs to understand that most families in today's society can be described as?
A. blended.
B. nuclear.
C. extended.
D. defined by its members.
D.defined by its members.
Four-month-old Lucy is in for immunizations at the local health department. The Vaccine Information Sheet is given to Lucy's mother, and informed consent is obtained. However, the mother then states, "Lucy did have a temperature around 99.1 degrees the night of her last immunizations." After this statement, the nurse should?
A. consult the child's pediatrician.
B. delay the immunizations.
C. do not give the immunizations because of the contraindication.
D. give the immunizations
D. give the immunizations
Which is the leading cause of maternal death in the first trimester of pregnancy?
A. Spontaneous abortion
B. Hydatidiform mole pregnancy
C. Hyperemesis gravidarum
D. Ectopic pregnancy
D. Ectopic pregnancy
The nurse is meeting with a client who has been referred for assistance with smoking cessation. During their first meeting, the client states he is very doubtful about his ability to stop smoking. In the Health Belief Model, the client's belief that actions can be performed to achieve the desired outcome is referred to by which term?
A. Self-efficacy
B. Perceived susceptibility
C. Perceived benefits
D. Cues to action
A. Self-efficacy
The health literature accessed by the community health nurse often addresses the probability of an adverse event. What term refers to the likelihood that healthy people exposed to a specific factor will experience a specific health condition?
A. Prevalence
B. Rates
C. Risk
D. Incidence
C. Risk
Which characteristics are demonstrated by healthy or energized families? (Select all that apply.)
A. Communication is appropriate and clear.
B. Support and respect are evident and appreciated.
C. Roles are static and change only in times of crisis.
D. Common beliefs and values are shared.
E. Members play and share leisure time appropriate
A. Communication is appropriate and clear.
B. Support and respect are evident and appreciated.
D. Common beliefs and values are shared.
E. Members play and share leisure time appropriate
Investigating all contacts of a person infected with a sexually transmitted disease is an example of what?
A. Primary prevention
B. Secondary prevention
C. Tertiary prevention Incorrect
D. Initial prevention
B. Secondary prevention
Jane, who is 12 weeks' pregnant, has been having preterm complications with her pregnancy, and her physician has placed her on bed rest. As a result, she will be unable to return to work. Which law will protect her future employment?
A. The Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA )
B. Affordable Health Care Act (ACA)
C. Social Security Act
D. Public Health Service Act
A. The Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA)
A community health nurse often provides health education for individual clients. Her office has a play center because some clients bring small children with them. She routinely offers her clients bottled water, juice, or soda. She works with her clients at a small table rather than at her desk. Which statement below best sums up her approach?
A. Clients enjoy hospitality, but her approach has no support in learning theory.
B. Adults learn better in a facilitative and nonrestrictive environment.
C. The nurse's approach simply takes the clients' minds away from their troubles.
D. This approach is too informal and contrary to most learning theories.
B. Adults learn better in a facilitative and nonrestrictive environment.
Through epidemiologic investigations, effective prevention measures are often identified. When the nurse is engaged in providing prevention for the community before disease has developed, the prevention activities meet the definition for what level of prevention?
A. Primary
B. Secondary
C. Tertiary
D. Pathogenic
A. Primary
long-range planning for community needs, the community health nurse considers that the fastest-growing segment of the senior population is the?
A. young-old (ages 65 to 74 years). Incorrect
B. middle-old (ages 75 to 84 years).
C. old-old (ages 85 years and older)
D. elite-old (more than 100 years old).
C. old-old (ages 85 years and older)
Transmission of an infectious disease can be efficiently controlled by?
A. breaking all links in the transmission chain.
B. destroying all reservoirs of infectious agents.
C. breaking only one link in the transmission chain
D. maintaining high levels of herd immunity.
C. breaking only one link in the transmission chain
A 35-year-old woman came to her appointment for her yearly mammogram and Pap smear. Her physician discussed with her the risk factors for developing breast cancer. The following are risk factors for breast cancer: (Select all that apply.)
A. Early age of menarche
B. Late age at menopause
C. Fibrocystic breast disease
D. Multiparous
E. Personal or family history of breast cancer
A. Early age of menarche
B. Late age at menopause
C. Fibrocystic breast disease
E. Personal or family history of breast cancer
There are many ways the community health nurse can be engaged in health education in the community. Which are frequent roles or activities that the nurse can be expected to fulfill? (Select all that apply.)
A. Advocate
B. Consultant
C. Diagnostician
D. Collaborator
E. Mediator
A. Advocate
B. Consultant
D. Collaborator
E. Mediator
A microscopic approach to the community health problem of childhood obesity would focus on
A. asking an obese child and his or her parent(s) to complete a 24-hour food diary
B. analyzing aggregate body mass indexes (BMIs) of school-age children in a school.
C. advocating for a change in health policy related to school lunches.
D. exploring changing cultural changes and societal values related to activity.
A. asking an obese child and his or her parent(s) to complete a 24-hour food diary
An elderly client expresses the following concerns to the community health nurse. Which of these concerns is a physiological change associated with the aging process?
A. Increased saliva
B. Decreased pain threshold
C. Increased nightly sleep time
D. Difficulty remembering new names
D. Difficulty remembering new names
Seven cases of hepatitis A are diagnosed in a community over a period of 2 weeks. An investigation results in a determination that all of the infected individuals ate at a local restaurant. Which statement explains the possible connection between hepatitis A and a restaurant?
A. A food worker likely coughed on the customers.
B. A food worker may have a bleeding wound.
C. Hepatitis A is transmitted where people congregate.
D. The route of transmission for hepatitis A is fecal-oral.
The route of transmission for hepatitis A is fecal-oral.
A 50-year-old female who has been a smoker since age 22 visits the health care provider because of having a chronic cough for the past three weeks. The health care provider educates the patient about lung cancer. Which are risk factors for lung cancer in women? (Select all that apply.)
A. Asbestos exposure
B. Chronic lung disease
C. Genetic predisposition
D. Socioeconomic status
E. High carbohydrate diet
A. Asbestos exposure
B. Chronic lung disease
C. Genetic predisposition
A client meeting with a community health nurse inquires about diabetes education classes. The client's health records reveal the diagnosis of diabetes was made a little over 1 year ago. The client reports partial compliance with diet, gradual improvement in her exercise program, and a 15-pound weight loss. The client reports that she takes her medication as prescribed but rarely monitors her blood glucose level. Which statement best reflects the impact of initial diabetes education on this client?
A. Learning occurred, but additional support and education are needed
B. It is apparent that the diabetic education was totally inadequate.
C. It is not possible to draw any conclusions about the education.
D. The education did not work because this client is noncompliant.
A. Learning occurred, but additional support and education are needed
Which nurse leader formulated the first theory-based conceptual model for nursing care?
A. Nancy Milio
B. Lillian Wald
C. Florence Nightingale
D. Dorthea Orem
C. Florence Nightingale
In preparing a presentation for seniors and supportive family members, the nurse includes safety information. This is in response to the knowledge that the leading cause of death because of injuries for seniors is?
Falls