Protein
The macromolecule which is associated with enzymes?
What is Protein?
What is the ratio of Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen in a monosaccharide?
1:2:1, 1 carbon, 2 hydrogen, 1 oxygen.
What is the function of DNA besides directing synthesis of proteins and organic molecules?
Storing and transporting genetic information.
Are lipids polar or non-polar compounds?
Non-Polar
Define Polymers
Polymers are large molecules made up of many monomers.
How are peptide bonds in a protein created?
Dehydration Synthesis Reactions
Bond that connects monosaccharides together to form a disaccharide.
Glycosidic Bond
What are the different types of RNA?
- tRNA, mRNA, rRNA
What makes up a triglyceride?
Glycerol and 3 fatty acids
Define Monomer
a monomer is a simple molecule which binds covalently to form polymers, individual subunits.
Macromolecule you would consume for muscle gain
What is Protein
Process that assembles polysaccharides.
Polymerization
As DNA and RNA are Nucleic Acid polymers, what is ATP?
ATP is a Nucleotide.
Besides Triglycerides and Steroids, what are the other 2 types of lipids?
Phospholipids and Waxes.
What is an H-Bond?
Hydrogen Bonds are what form between the negative (oxygen) region of one water molecule and the positive (hydrogen) region of another water molecule nearby.
What are the types of most common structures associated with the secondary structure in protein?
Beta Pleated, and Alpha Helix structures.
Examples of Carbohydrates that we get energy from. Fruits, Grains, and...
Vegetables
What are the building blocks of nucelic acids?
Nucleotides
What bond forms between molecules in a phospholipid?
An ester bond.
What is a phosphodiester linkage?
the linkage between the 3' carbon atom of one sugar molecule and the 5' carbon atom of a deoxyribose in DNA and ribose in RNA.
What are proteins made of?
Amino acid subunits.
Which molecule consists of covalently bonded glucose and galactose?
Lactose
Which Nucleic Acid polymers store and transmit genetic information?
DNA
What are phospholipids composed of?
2 fatty acids, a glycerol unit and a phosphate group
Define Glycerol
a 3 carbon molecule, each carbon has a hydroxyl group attached to it.
How are protein's amino acid subunits held together?
Peptide bonds.
Is Ribose a mono, di, or polysaccharide?
Monosaccharide.
What are the 2 types of nitrogenous bases?
Purine, and Pyrimidine bases.
What are the functions of waxes?
Water resistance, and protection.
What is the difference between saturated and unsaturated fats?
Saturated: No double bonds between carbons, Solid at room temperature
Unsaturated: One or more double bonds between carbons, Liquid at room temperature
Which "group" helps protein's 3-d shape appear in a tertiary structure?
The 'R' group.
What are the 2 glycosidic linkages associated with disaccharides?
Alpha, and Beta glycosidic linkages.
Which type of reaction coincides with a phosphodiester linkage?
Condensation reaction.
What is a fatty acid?
Fatty acids are essentially the building blocks of fat in our bodies.
Which pyrimidine base occurs in only DNA?
Thymine
Term used to describe the loss of structure or function of a protein.
What is Denaturation.
What shape are monosaccharides in water?
Ring shaped.
Nucleotides consist of 5 carbon sugars, a nitrogenous base, and what group?
Phosphate group.
What is a Dehydration Synthesis Reaction?
Condensation reaction between: Hydroxyl on glycerol, and Carboxyl on fatty acid. It results in a ester bond/ester linkage.
Which pyrimidine base occurs in only RNA?
Uracil