Waves
What are the parts of a wave?
The wavelength is the distance between crests and troughs. The crest is the uppermost point of the wave. The trough is the lowermost part of the wave. The amplitude is the measure of the wave from its resting spot.
What is force? What is an axis?
A push or a pull. An axis is an imaginary line that Earth rotates around.
What are the colors in the visible light spectrum? What causes different colors?
The colors in the visible ligh spectrum are violet, indigo, blue, green, yellow, orange, and red. The wavelength of the light will decide what color the light will be.
How far away is the Sun? How hot is the sun? What are the effects?
What is the solar minimum? What is solar maximum?
Solar maximum is the greatest solar activity during the Sun's 11-year cycle. Solar minimum is the lowest solar activity during the Sun's 11-year cycle.
What is a Longitudinal wave? What is a transverse wave?
the longitudinal waves transfer energy through compressions and rarefactions in the material through which the wave travels. transverse waves do NOT have compressions and rarefactions. For a transverse wave to go through something, the movement of the material is perpendicular to the direction of the energy
What is weight? What is mass? What is the difference?
Weight is the measurement of a pull of gravity on an object. Mass is the amount of matter. Mass is always with oyu no matter where you go, but weight changes when you go on different planets.
(POSSIBLE EXTRA CREDIT) Why does infrared light heat things up more than other types of EME?
Infrared light has a longer wavelength, and the visible light spectrum shows that certain colors have designated temperatures, so infrared light could be more absorbed than the other pes of EME.
(POSSIBLE EXTRA CREDIT QUESTION) What are the phases of the moon in order? Why do we see different phases of the moon?
New Moon, waxing crescent, first quarter, waxing gibbous, full moon, waning gibbous, third quarter, and waning crescent. We see different phases of the moon because the Moon, the Earth, and the Sun are all orbiting each other, causing the shadow of the Earth to cover certain parts of the Moon, making these phases.
What is an orbit? What is a revolution?
The path the planet follows around the Sun is called its orbit. A revolution is one complete orbit around the Sun.
What is wave speed?
Wave speed is the distance the wave travels in a certain amount of time.
What is frequency?
The number of waves passing a point in a certain time.
What is a medium?
A medium is what wave energy travels through
How did the model of the Sun change?
What are the effects of Earth's rotation on our daily lives?
What is the difference between mechanical and electromagnetic waves? Examples.
Mechanical waves need a medium and a type of matter, whereas electromagnetic energy does NOT need a medium and makes it travel faster. An example of electromagnetic energy is light, and light travels faster than sound, a mechanical wave, because sound needs a medium and light does not.
What is weightlessness? When would we feel it?
Not being able to feel your own weight; not being acted on by gravity. We would feel it when in space, where there is no gravity, and we would be floating.
What is the time zone? What is nuclear fusion?
Time zones are areas of the world where all clocks are set to the same time. Nuclear fusion is when nuclear reactions convert hydrogen into helium.
Why does the Sun have sunspots? What is under the sunspots? How do those areas form and why does that contribute to CMES? (Coronal mass ejections, are ejections of plasma and magnetic field from the Sun's corona)
The Sun has sunspots because sometimes there are disturbances in the Sun's magnetic field and they come up to the surface of the Sun, sometimes exploding. There is plasma under the sunspots because the sunspots are patches of plasma and sit on the Sun's surface. This can relate to the CMES because they both can cause solar storms and be shot at Earth and because they are made of plasma and extremely hot gases.
What are the factors that determine the pull of gravity between two objects?
The two factors between the two objects are the mass and distance between the two.
What are the differences and similarities between the types of electromagnetic energy/waves?
A similarity that electromagnetic energy and electromagnetic waves share is that electromagnetic energy can travel through electromagnetic waves. A difference they share is that electromagnetic energy is energy that travels through waves, but electromagnetic waves are types of waves.
How is EME transmitted and how is it reflected and absorbed to allow us to see colors?
EME is transmitted through waves. It is reflected when the light bounces off an object and some of the light is absorbed. This allows us to see colors depending on how much light is absorbed. The more light absorbed, the darker he color will be.
What is the lunar cycle?
The phases of the moon
(POSSIBLE EXTRA CREDIT QUESTION) What causes tides? Why do we have high tides on opposite sides of the world at the same time? Why do we have extremes in tides? (Spring tides) Why sometimes there isn't much difference between high and low tides (neap tides)
Tides are caused when the gravitational forces are applied on the earth by the moon. Gravity and Inertia act as resistance on Earth's oceans, causing tides to be on opposite sides of Earth. We have extremes in tides because of the moon's gravitational pull and the Earth's rotational force. The cause of the difference between high and low tides is the moon's gravitational pull, causing high tides.
What is the relationship between gravity and velocity in determining orbital motion and projectile motion?
The definition of velocity is the speed at which something is traveling in. The definition of gravity is the force that attracts something toward the Earth. The relationship between velocity, gravity, orbital, and projectile motion is that their definitions are talking about Earth's orbit and gravity pulling us towards the Earth. Velocity, however, talks about speed rather than the Earth.