DEFINITIONS 1
The movement to fence in fields in order to farm mor effectively.
enclosure
A series of English laws that controlled the import of goods to Britain and British colonies.
Navigation acts
Father of capitalism
Adam Smith
The new methods of agriculture originated where?
Low Countries
The Navigation acts targeted what country first
Netherlands
the shift that occurred as families focused on wage earning
industrious revolution
The forced migration of Africans across the Atlantic for slave labor on plantations and in other industries
Atlantic slave trade
Economic advisor to Louis XIV
Colbert
A dramatic population increase was helped by a decline in this disease
plague
Name for the West African slave trade
the asiento
system in which a merchant loaned out raw materials to cottage workers to make a finished product
putting out system
A belief in free trade and competition based on Adam Smith’s argument that “the invisible hand” of free competition would benefit all individuals, rich and poor.
economic liberalism
First British Governor General to India
Clive
Most important advance in medicine in this time period was
Small pox vaccine
Name of Peace treaty where France gave up Hudson Bay
Utrecht
transformation of large numbers of small peasant farmers into landless rural wage earners
proletarianization
A stage of industrial development in which rural workers used hand tools in their homes to manufacture goods on a large scale for sale in a market.
cottage industries
Invented the seed drill
Tull
New food introduced to Europe that helped reduce starvation
potatoes
Name of treaty in which France gave up India
Treaty of Paris
a form of serfdom that allowed a planter to keep his workers in perpetual debt
debt peonage
The organization of artisanal production into trade-based associations, or guilds, each of which received a monopoly over its trade and the right to train apprentices and hire workers
guild system
Taught British how to drain swampy land
Vermuyden
19th century industry that employed the most people in Europe
textile
People of Spanish ancestry born in the Americas
Creoles