You
You are educating a client on risk factors associated with aneurysms. You would be correct to identify which diagnosis as having a high incidence in association with aneurysms?
A. PVD
B. Chronic hypertension
C. Diabetes
D. High cholesterol
B. Chronic hypertension
BONUS: what type of medication would we give to patients that have had an aneurysm?
Your patient is scheduled for a lumbar puncture to help diagnose multiple sclerosis. The patient wants clarification about what will be found in the cerebrospinal fluid during the lumbar puncture to confirm the diagnosis of MS. You explain that ____________ will be present in the fluid if MS is present.
A. high amounts of IgM
B. oligoclonal bands
C. low amounts of WBC
D. oblong red blood cells and glucose
B. oligoclonal bands
A 76 year old female is admitted due to a recent fall. The patient is confused and agitated. The family members report that this is not normal behavior for the patient. They explain that the patient is very active in the community and cares for herself. Based on the information you have gathered about the patient, which physician's order takes priority?
A. "Collect a urinalysis"
B. "Collect a T3 and T4 level"
C. "Insert a Foley Catheter"
D. "Keep patient NPO"
A. "Collect a urinalysis"
After having an MI, the nurse notes the patient has jugular venous distention, gained weight, developed peripheral edema, and has a heart rate of 108/minute. What should the nurse suspect is happening?
A. ADHF
B. Chronic HF
C. Left-sided HF
D. Right-sided HF
A. ADHF
B. Chronic HF
C. Left-sided HF
D. Right-sided HF
A patient is admitted to the hospital with CKD. You understand that this condition is characterized by
A. Progressive irreversible destruction of the kidneys
B. A rapid decrease in urinary output with an elevated BUN level
C. Increasing creatinine clearance with a decrease in urinary output
D. Prostration, somnolence, and confusion with coma and imminent death
A. Progressive irreversible destruction of the kidneys
B. A rapid decrease in urinary output with an elevated BUN level
C. Increasing creatinine clearance with a decrease in urinary output
D. Prostration, somnolence, and confusion with coma and imminent death
The nurse is planning care with an older adult who is at risk for falling because of orthostatic hypotension. Which of the following will be most effective in preventing falls in this client?
A. Complete a fall diary.
B. Attach a sensor to the client that will alarm when client attempts to get up.
C. Encourage a family member to stay with the client.
D. Instruct the client to sit, obtain balance, dangle legs, and rise slowly.
D. Instruct the client to sit, obtain balance, dangle legs, and rise slowly.
You're providing diet education to a patient with Parkinson's Disease. Which statement below demonstrates the patient understood your teaching? Select all that apply:
A. "I will limit foods high in fiber like fruits and vegetables in my diet."
B. "I will be sure to drink 2 Liter of fluid per day."
C. "It is very common for me to experience diarrhea with this disease."
D. "I will eat soft foods because it may be hard to swallow."
B. "I will be sure to drink 2 Liter of fluid per day."
D. "I will eat soft foods because it may be hard to swallow."
Urinary incontinence is not a normal part of aging. An intervention used by nurses to assist clients to regain or maintain continence with individuals suffering from this problem would not include:
A. Bladder training
B. Habit training
C. Prompted voiding
D. Fluid restriction
D. Fluid restriction
A physician performs a test on a patient to assess their ability to use sensory input to identify a number or letter drawn onto his/her hand without watching. What is this ability called?
A. Graphesthesia
B. Stereognosis
C. Somesthesia
D. Astereognosis
A. Graphesthesia
B. Stereognosis
C. Somesthesia
D. Astereognosis
The patient admitted to the intensive care unit after a motor vehicle accident has been diagnosed with AKI. Which finding indicates the onset of oliguria resulting from AKI?
A. Urine output less than 1000 mL for the past 24 hours
B. Urine output less than 800 mL for the past 24 hours
C. Urine output less than 600 mL for the past 24 hours
D. Urine output less than 400 mL for the past 24 hours
A. Urine output less than 1000 mL for the past 24 hours
B. Urine output less than 800 mL for the past 24 hours
C. Urine output less than 600 mL for the past 24 hours
D. Urine output less than 400 mL for the past 24 hours
Which information should the nurse include when teaching a patient with newly diagnosed hypertension?
A. Dietary sodium restriction will control BP for most patients.
B. Most patients are able to control BP through lifestyle changes.
C. Hypertension is usually asymptomatic until significant organ damage occurs.
D. Annual BP checks are needed to monitor treatment effectiveness.
C. Hypertension is usually asymptomatic until significant organ damage occurs.
A family of five checks into an urgent care center with symptoms of the flu. Which members of the family are at increased risk of significant complications? SATA
A. Newborn baby girl
B. Grandmother with COPD
C. Father with HIV
D. Mother with anemia
E. 8-year-old boy
A. Newborn baby girl
B. Grandmother with COPD
C. Father with HIV
The home care nurse visits a 73-year-old Hispanic woman with chronic heart failure. Which clinical manifestations, if assessed by the nurse, would indicate acute decompensated heart failure (pulmonary edema)?
A. Fatigue, orthopnea, and dependent edema
B. Severe dyspnea and blood-streaked, frothy sputum
C. Temperature is 100.4o F and pulse is 102 beats/minute
D. Respirations 26 breaths/minute despite oxygen by nasal cannula
A. Fatigue, orthopnea, and dependent edema
B. Severe dyspnea and blood-streaked, frothy sputum
C. Temperature is 100.4o F and pulse is 102 beats/minute
D. Respirations 26 breaths/minute despite oxygen by nasal cannula
Clinical manifestations of pulmonary edema include anxiety, pallor, cyanosis, clammy and cold skin, severe dyspnea, use of accessory muscles of respiration, a respiratory rate > 30 breaths per minute, orthopnea, wheezing, and coughing with the production of frothy, blood-tinged sputum. Auscultation of the lungs may reveal crackles, wheezes, and rhonchi throughout the lungs. The heart rate is rapid, and blood pressure may be elevated or decreased.
Identifying an object by sensing the shape and size in the absence of visualization is known as ______. If the person can correctly describe the object but does not identify it, this is known as ________.
A. Graphesthesia, Agraphesthesia
B. Stereognosis, Astereognosis
C. Somesthesia; Asomesthesia
A. Graphesthesia, Agraphesthesia
B. Stereognosis, Astereognosis
C. Somesthesia; Asomesthesia
_______ neurons carry information from sensory receptors of the skin and other organs to the central nervous system (i.e., brain and spinal cord), whereas _______ neurons carry motor information away from the central nervous system to the muscles and glands of the body.
A. Afferent; Efferent
B. Efferent; Afferent
A. Afferent; Efferent
B. Efferent; Afferent
Which client teaching should the nurse implement for the client identified as having an increased risk of severe atherosclerosis? Select all that apply.
A. Encourage a low-fat, low-cholesterol diet.
B. Instruct client to walk 30 minutes a day.
C. Decrease the salt intake to 2 g a day.
D. Refer to counselor for stress reduction techniques.
E. Teach the client to increase fiber in the diet.
A. Encourage a low-fat, low-cholesterol diet.
B. Instruct client to walk 30 minutes a day.
E. Teach the client to increase fiber in the diet.
A 72 year-old male patient who is diagnosed with bilateral lower lobe pneumonia is admitted to your unit. The patient has a history of systolic heart failure and arthritis. On assessment, you note the patient has a respiratory rate of 21, oxygen saturation 93% on 2L nasal cannula, is alert & oriented, and has a productive cough with green/yellowish sputum. Which of the following nursing interventions will you provide to this patient based on your assessment findings and the patient's diagnosis?
A. Keep head-of-the-bed less than 30 degrees at all times.
B. Encourage 3L of fluids a day to keep secretions thin.
C. Encourage incentive spirometer usage
D. Provide education discouraging the Pneumovax vaccine because they are already immune.
C. Encourage incentive spirometer usage
A 74 year old female presents to the ER with complaints of dyspnea, persistent cough, and unable to sleep at night due to difficulty breathing. On assessment, you note crackles throughout the lung fields, respiratory rate of 25, and an oxygen saturation of 90% on room air. Which of the following lab results confirm your suspicions of heart failure?*
A. K+ 5.6
B. BNP 820
C. BUN 9
D. Troponin <0.02
A. K+ 5.6
B. BNP 820
C. BUN 9
D. Troponin <0.02
Rationale: Normal BNP is <100
A client has a pulmonary embolism and is started on oxygen. The student nurse asks why the clients oxygen saturation has not significantly improved. What response by the nurse is best?
a. Breathing so rapidly interferes with oxygenation.
b. Maybe the client has respiratory distress syndrome.
c. The blood clot interferes with perfusion in the lungs.
d. The client needs immediate intubation and mechanical ventilation.
a. Breathing so rapidly interferes with oxygenation.
b. Maybe the client has respiratory distress syndrome.
c. The blood clot interferes with perfusion in the lungs.
d. The client needs immediate intubation and mechanical ventilation.
Which of the following kidney function lab values is concerning?
A. BUN - 13mg/dL
B. Cr - 1.4mg/dL
C. Sodium - 140 mEq/L
D. Potassium - 7 mEq/L
A. BUN - 13mg/dL (normal)
B. Cr - 1.4mg/dL (High)
C. Sodium - 140 mEq/L (normal)
D. Potassium - 7 mEq/L (High)
A client who has had a stroke is suffering from expressive aphasia. Which interventions would most likely improve communication with this client?
A. Allow the person to embrace frustration when it occurs
B. Talk to the person in short words
C. Try to use 'yes' or 'no' questions
D. Correct the person when he remembers something that is incorrect
C. Try to use 'yes' or 'no' questions
You're providing care to a patient with a uric acid kidney stone that is 2 mm in size per diagnostic imaging. The patient is having severe pain and rates their pain 10 on 1-10 scale. The physician has ordered a treatment plan to assist the patient in passing the kidney stone. What nursing intervention is PRIORITY for this patient based on the scenario?
A. Administer pain medication
B. Encourage fluid intake of 2-4 liters per day
C. Massage the costovertebral area
D. Implement a high-protein diet
A. Administer pain medication
A patient presents to the ER with a temperature of 101.4, a heart rate of 145 bpm, RR of 26, elevated WBCs, altered LOC. Which of the following diagnoses do you expect?
A. Hemorrhagic shock
B. Neurogenic shock
C. Anaphylactic shock
D. Septic shock
A. Hemorrhagic shock
B. Neurogenic shock
C. Anaphylactic shock
D. Septic shock
Which patient has the greatest risk for prerenal AKI?
A. The patient is hypovolemic because of hemorrhage.
B. The patient relates a history of chronic urinary tract obstruction.
C. The patient has vascular changes related to coagulopathies.
D. The patient is receiving antibiotics such as gentamicin.
A. The patient is hypovolemic because of hemorrhage.
B. The patient relates a history of chronic urinary tract obstruction.
C. The patient has vascular changes related to coagulopathies.
D. The patient is receiving antibiotics such as gentamicin.
What is Madison and Violet's favorite item in their apartment?
Squatty Potty!