Structure and Fusion (A)
The region outside the convective zone is the ___________
Photosphere
The Sun is currently what type of star?
A main-sequence star
How long does it take a photon created in the core to reach the Sun’s surface?
10,000-170,000 years
The collection of celestial objects around and including the Sun is known as the ______ ______
Solar System
In what spiral or arm is the Sun located?
The Orion Arm (or Local Arm)
The area outside the photosphere is called the __________, and it is grouped into four parts.
Atmosphere
Why does the Sun appear to be white in space?
Because it emits light across the visible spectrum
How long does it take a neutrino created in the core to reach the Sun’s surface?
About 2 seconds
In what galaxy is the Sun located?
Milky Way Galaxy
Give one reason why the Sun's speed or position in the Milky Way Galaxy is hospitable for the formation/evolution of complex life.
Far from the galactic center
Same orbital speed as spiral arm
How does the temperature of the corona compare with that of the Sun’s surface?
It is much hotter
The Sun appears to orange/yellow/red/magenta from Earth due to __________ __________
Atmospheric scattering
How are neutrinos able to travel through the Sun so fast?
They are weakly interacting particles, i.e., they rarely interact with matter
How does the Sun move relative to the Milky Way Galaxy?
It orbits the galactic center
The thermal columns of the convective zone give the Sun’s surface its ________ appearance.
Name a negative and a positive effect of UV on humans
Sunburn/skin cancer, vitamin D
True or False:
The planets move around the Sun, but the Sun isn't moved by the planets.
False
There are four parts of the atmosphere. Name two of them
Chromosphere, transition region, corona, heliosphere
What are the three most abundant forms of light emitted by the Sun (and in what order)?
IR, V, UV
The closest star to the Sun is _______ ________
Proxima Centauri