CHAPTER 1
____?_______ research involves comparing two groups on one outcome measure to test some hypothesis regarding causation.
EXPERIMENTAL
Researchers typically choose research topics that are of _____?_____ to them.
Interest
A _____?_____ is simply a potential source of research participants that is easily accessible to the researcher.
Sample of Convenience
_____?_____ data exist in differing amounts or degrees, and they reflect relative quantity or distance
Metric
A _____?_____ correlation between two variables means that as one variable increases, the other variable decreases.
Negative
_____?_____always predicts that there will be no difference between groups being studied.
The Null Hypothesis
_____?_____ is a control method that helps to eliminate alternative rival hypotheses that might otherwise explain the results of the study.
Randomization
_____?_____ are the least sophisticated type of measurement and are used only to qualitatively classify or categorize, _____?_____ are the highest level of measurement.
Nominal scales and Ratio scales
The _________ is an evidence-based approach that relies on direct observation and experimentation in the acquisition of new knowledge.
Empirical Approach
_____?______ is a measure of the effect (if any) of the independent variable.
Dependent Variable
_____?_____ reliability refers to the administration of a single test that is divided into two equal halves.
Split-half
_____?_____ refers to the consistency or dependability of measurement technique.
Reliability
If a researcher is studying on the effects of a new medication on headaches, the researcher divides a group of people into two groups. In this research, __________ receives placebo medication.
Control Group
Which of the statements below is NOT TRUE about hypotheses?
a. Hypotheses can be falsifiable
b. Hypotheses attempt to explain, predict and explore the relationship between variables
c. Hypotheses can be acceptable
d. Researchers use alternate hypotheses when they believe that groups will differ
C
This procedure requires that neither the participants nor the researchers know which experimental or control condition research participants are assigned to.
Double-blind Technique
Quantitative in nature
Build on ordinal measurement
Provide information about both order and distance values of variables
Numbers scaled at equal distances
No absolute zero point
Addition and subtraction are possible
These are the characteristics of _____?_____
Interval Scales
Conducting the same research study a second time with another group of participants is called ___________.
Replication
What are the steps in planning a research study?
Choosing a research topic
Literature Review
Formulating a research problem
Articulating hypotheses
Choosing variables to study
Selecting research participants
_____?_____ refers to aspects of quantitative evaluation that affect the accuracy of the conclusions drawn from the results of a study.
Statistical validity
What are the methods of data collection?
Formal Testing
Interviewing
Global Ratings
Observation
Biological Measure