Can You Hear Me Now?
A student's basic understanding that speech is composed of a series of individual sounds.
What is phonemic awareness?
Students learn this when they realize that the sounds (phonemes) can be represented by letters (graphemes).
What is the alphabetic principle?
Students in this stage move from writing one or two sentences to developing longer compositions with multiple sentences organized into paragraphs.
What is Stage 2: Beginning Writing?
Signs, labels, and other print found in the community of a child.
What is environmental print?
What are fluent readers?
The very smallest units of sound s in spoken language.
What are phonemes?
The three separate types of knowledge about the alphabetic principle.
What is phonological awareness, phonics, and orthographic awareness?
In Stage 2: Beginning of Reading and Writing, students can usually spell this many high-frequency words.
What is 50?
The stage when students move from pretend reading to reading predictable books and from using scribbles to simulate writing to writing patterned sentences.
What is Stage 1: Emergent Reading and Writing?
Some second graders reach this stage, and all students should reach this by the end of 3rd grade.
What is Stage 3: Fluent Reading and Writing?
The most powerful predictor of of later reading achievement. It is a prerequisite for learning to read.
What is phonemic Awareness?
The set of relationships between phonology (the sounds in speech) and orthography (the spelling system).
What is phonics?
Teachers are able to start this process in Stage 2: Beginning Stage of Writing.
What is the Writing Process?
Kindergarten students are usually in this stage when they start school.
What is Stage 1: Emergent Reading and Writing?
This type of writer understands writing is a process and they use the stages of the writing process.
What are fluent writers?
Identifying Sounds, Sound Matching by categorizing sounds in words, Sound Blending, Sound Addition/Subtraction and Substitution, Sound Segmentation
What are Phonemic Awareness Learning Strategies?
This is the language origin of words which influences their pronunciation.
What is Etymology?
Collections of words posted in the classroom that students use for word-study activities and refer to when they write
What are word walls?
Emergent writers can write this many familiar or high-frequency words.
What is 5-20?
Prewriting, drafting, revising, editing, and publishing.
What is the writing process?
Teachers use these to teach students to segment words with individual parts for each sound in the name of an object.
What are Elkonin Boxes?
This is when two vowels represent a glide from one sound to another.
What is a diphthong?
The stage where you find most first graders.
Stage 2: Beginning Reading and Writing.
Book orientation skills, starting place in books, turning pages, looking at the text from left to right.
What are concepts about written language?
At this stage of writing, the student's writing looks more conventional.
What is the fluent stage?
Teachers administer one of these readily available phonemic awareness tests to screen students' ability to use phonemic awareness strategies, monitor their progress, and document their learning.
What are screening tests?
One-syllable words and single syllables in longer words can be divided into these two parts.
What is onset and rime?
Cross checking, predicting, connecting, monitoring, and reapiring.
What are beginning reading strategies?
In this stage, teachers often use modeled and shared reading and writing (interactive).
What is the emergent stage?
Teachers have shifted their teaching focus from decoding words to comprehending stories and informational books.
What are some instructional procedures of stage 3 (fluency)?