Relative and Radiometric Dating
The geological processes that shape Earth’s features today ____.
A) are basically the same as they were in the geologic past
B) are much different than thousands of years ago
C) did not operate in the distant past
D) became important only several hundred years ago
Most of the information about Earth’s interior was obtained by studying ____.
A) earthquake waves (P and S)
B)rocks of the ocean crust
C)meteorites
D) rocks in deep wells
The movement of hotter matter rising and cooler matter sinking is called?
A)Viscous
B)Convection
C) Radiation
D)Plate Tectonics
Earth’s tilt in combination with its orbit around the sun cause the _______.
A) Coriolis effect
B) seasons
C)full moon
D) tides
A star begins its life in a cloud of gas and dust called a _______.
A) planetary nebula
B) Protostar
C) nebula
D)solar prominence
This method of dating ancient events and structures (such as fossils or rocks) was developed first and is used to place things in a sequential order(first, second, third…)
A)Fossil Formation
B)Relative Dating
C)Absolute Dating
D)Speed Dating
How is the Earth's core still warm?
A)Leftover heat from the formation of Earth
B)The movement of liquid metal in the core
C)Radioactive decay
D) A and C
At divergent plate boundaries in the ocean, magma rises and melts because of ____.
A)higher temperatures at the surface
B)a decrease in pressure
C)intrusive plutons at the boundary
D)increased silica content of magma
True or False. Kepler’s first law demonstrates that each planet has an elliptical orbit of unique size and shape with the Sun at one focus.
A) True
B) False
The hottest stars in space are ______ in color.
A) yellow
B) Red
C) blue
D) white
The oldest rock layer in an undisturbed rock sequence occurs ____.
A) at the bottom of the sequence
B) below the unconformity
C) below the sedimentary rock layer
D) at the top of the sequence
Earth’s core is made of an alloy of ____.
A) iron and nickel
B) copper and iron
C) zinc and magnesium
D) iron and zinc
Which of the following results when divergence occurs between two oceanic plates?
A) seafloor spreading
B) a subduction zone
C) an ocean trench
D) a volcanic island arc
Most stars are made up of 98% of what two elements?
A) Hydrogen and Carbon
B) Hydrogen and Helium
C) Silicon and Carbon
D) Iron and Nickel
Cosmic microwave background (CMB) is evidence that supports
A) the big bang theory
B) that aliens are real
C) the steady state theory
D) the universe is contracting
The dating process that gives an exact age to a rock or meteorite is?
A) radiometric dating
B) relative dating
C) numerical dating
D) temporary dating
What layers of Earth make up the lithosphere?
A) the crust and lower mantle
B) the crust and upper mantle
C) the continental crust and oceanic crust
D) the upper and lower mantle
Magnetic reversals ____.
A) cause the movements of tectonic plates
B) confirmed the existence of subduction zones
C) provide strong evidence for seafloor spreading
D) have never occurred during geologic time
In December, the South Pole is tilted farther toward the Sun than at any other time of the year, and the North Pole is tilted its farthest away from the Sun. What is the northern hemisphere experiencing at that time?
A) the winter solstice
B) the summer solstice
C) the vernal equinox
D) the autumnal equinox
Most light emitted from the Sun comes from the ______.
A) chromosphere
B) photosphere
C) corona
D) prominenc
Assume you began with 10 g of a radioactive parent isotope. How many grams of parent isotope will be present in the sample after 2 half-lives?
A) 5.0 g
B) 2.5 g
C) 1.25 g
D) 0.63 g
What causes Earth's magnetic field?
A) Electric current in wires between the poles
B) Convection of iron in the core
C) It happens naturally because of Earth's position in the solar system
D) All of these
Which of the following best describes what happens when an oceanic plate converges with a continental plate?
A) A deep-sea trench and island arc form
B)Both plates become fractured, and a series of long faults form on the surface.
C)Both plates crumple and a folded mountain range forms
D) A trench and a mountain range with many volcanoes form.
Which of the following is NOT true about Keplers laws?
A)all planets orbit the sun in elliptical orbits
B)as planets get farther away from the sun it takes longer for them to revolve around the sun
C)an ellipse contains two foci
D)as a planet reaches its aphelion to the sun it moves faster
Predict what happens to the shape of an ellipse as we move the foci further apart?
The shape of the ellipse does not change because foci do not determine eccentricity.
The shape of the ellipse will become more of an elongated oval.
The shape of the ellipse will become more circular.