Information Encoding
More Encoding +
Improving Memory
Storing and Retrieving Memories
Forgetting and Memory Construction (DOUBLE PTS.)
100

Identify the three steps of information processing

Encoding

Storage

Retrieval

100

Acronyms like "Please Excuse My Dear Aunt Sally" are an example of this

Mnemonic Devices

100

Identify the three distinct memory storage systems

Sensory Memory

Short-Term Memory

Long-Term Memory

100

Related to Short-Term Memory, this describes our active auditory and visual processing, which holds about seven chunks of information at a time for about 20 seconds.

Working Memory

200

The process of encoding certain information without conscious effort

Automatic Processing

200

This effect describes the encoding of semantics of information by relating it to your own life

Self-reference effect

200

Iconic and echoic memories are both examples of this.

Sensory Memory

200

This form of retrieval failure refers to when an older memory disrupts the recall of a newer memory

Proactive Interference

300

Most important processing strategy, conscious repetition of information, is also known as this

Rehearsal

300

You can encode more efficiently if you organize your information into meaningful groups, also known as this.

Chunking

300

This term describes a vivid memory of an emotionally significant moment or event.

Flashbulb Memory

300

This form of retrieval failure refers to when a newer memory disrupts the recall of an older memory

Retroactive Interference

400

This effect describes our tendency to recall the first and last items on an unorganized list more easily

Serial Position Effect

400

This effect describes how humans are better able to retrieve information when we are in an environment similar to the one in which we initially encoded the information.

Context Effect

400

Processed through the cerebellum, this procedural memory recalls skills such as reading or riding a bike.

Implicit Memory

400

Replaced by the scientifically-backed "motivated forgetting," this term refers to Freud's debunked explanation for the process of moving anxiety-producing memories to the unconscious mind

Repression

500

More effective than encoding sound or images is the encoding of meaning, also known as this.

Semantic Encoding

500

This effect describes that humans are better able to retrieve when we are in the same physical (caffeine, alcohol) or emotional state (happy, sad) we were in when we encoded information.

State-Dependent memory

or

State Dependency (effect)

500

Processed through the hippocampus, this declarative memory refers to the recalling of facts and experiences.

Explicit Memory

500

This effect refers to incorporating misleading information into a memory of an event.

Misinformation Effect