Bacteria
Rod-shaped bacteria
Bacilli
Composed of a short piece of nucleic acid, either DNA or RNA, and a protein coat.
virus
Protists, fungi, plants and animals
Eukaryotes
Type of asexual reproduction seen in bacteria
Binary Fission
Hair-like appendages on bacterial surface
pili
Prefix for a chain of bacterial cells.
Strepto-
Viral cycle where viral DNA becomes incorporated into host cell DNA and is reproduced as the host cell reproduces.
Lysogenic cycle
What type of cell is bacteria?
Prokaryotic
Any microorganism that causes disease
pathogen
Sticky, protective structure outside the cell wall
Capsule
Bacteria that cannot grow in the presence of oxygen.
obligate anaerobes
Contains a single-stranded RNA molecule from which DNA is transcribed.
retrovirus
Type of cell without a nucleus
Prokaryotes
Organisms that break down dead organisms and recycle nutrients
decomposers
Substance found in bacterial cell walls
Peptidoglycan
Transfer of plasmid copies from one cell to another.
conjugation
Pathogenic bacteria cause disease either by destroying healthy tissues and cells or producing ____________________ that cause illness.
toxins
Area where most DNA is concentrated in a prokaryote
Nucleoid
How do viruses cause disease?
By injecting their genetic material into a host cell
A protein coat that surrounds viruses
capsid
A waste management technique that uses bacteria and other organisms to remove or neutralize pollutants.
Bioremediation
Viral cycle where the host cell makes copies of viral DNA and proteins, new viruses are constructed and released as the host cell ruptures.
Lytic cycle
Rings of DNA found in prokaryotes
Plasmids
English physician who developed the first successful vaccine for smallpox in the late 1700’s
Jenner
Tail-like appendage that functions in movement
Flagellum