Leukocyte (white blood cells) Types and Characteristics
_________ are highly abundant granulocytes that serve as the immune system’s first responders. They defend against bacterial or fungal pathogens, as well as minor inflammatory responses. As they attack and die in mass quantities, their accumulation at the site of infection can lead to liquefactive necrosis—commonly known as pus.
neutrophil
Petechiae are small, pinpoint_______of blood in the skin that are caused by too few thrombocytes
Hemorrages
The protein molecules released by damaged tissues that are responsible for calling in leukocytes to the area are called _________ .
cytokines
An inherited genetic abnormality that causes a lack or deficiency of a specific clotting factor is known as________
hemophilia
Condition of the blood (of too many) white (blood cells)
leukemia
________ are most active in parasitic and allergic responses, they destroy parasites by phagocytosis. By quickly moving to the infection site, they trap infections and kill cells or parasites. They can increase inflammation, which is a necessary aspect of the immune response; however, an overly aggressive inflammatory response can pose risk of tissue damage.
Eosinophils
What develops when a patient's immune system rejects a donor organ?
Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is a life-threatening complication that can occur after certain stem cell or bone marrow transplants.
_________ is a clear, straw-colored liquid that makes up 55% of the blood.
Plasma
Close Family Lines turned this disease into what was known as the Royal Blood Disease?
Hemophilia
Tumor of a lymph node________
Lymphoma
________ aid in the short-term immune response by rapidly releasing enzymes and chemicals upon recognizing pathogens. By secreting histamines, they promote inflammatory responses and can inhibit blood clotting by opening capillaries to allow faster transit of other leukocytes. They are the least common type of leukocytes.
Basophils
When the antibodies in the patient's serum attack antigens of the erythrocytes of the donor blood, that is a ______recction
transfusion
_____________ is a condition in which the bone marrow fails to produce erythrocytes.
Aplastic anemia
What was the rare disease subtype that Queen Victoria had?
Hemophilia B is a hereditary bleeding disorder caused by a lack of blood clotting factor IX. Without enough factor IX, the blood cannot clot properly to control bleeding
Condition of infection in the blood ___________
Septicemia
________ are capable of engulfing and breaking down foreign particles. They perform phagocytosis and antigen presentation to T cells. They aid in informing lymphocytes of infection. Some migrate between blood and tissue, patrolling tissues to remove dead neutrophils, cellular debris, and remaining pathogens after a first-wave immune response.
monocyte
__________ disease is characterized by a decreased number of erythrocytes.
anemia
The abbreviation HCT stands for __________
Hematocrit
snake venom
The study of the shape (of red blood cells)________
Morphology
_________ function to eliminate the antigen, either by releasing antibodies (in the case of B cells), cytotoxic granules (cytotoxic T cells) or by signaling to other cells of the immune system (helper T cells).
lymphocyte
Based on their irregular shape, ________, can be categorized as poikilocytosis
sickle cells
The combining form “erythro” means____.
red.
A Philadelphia physician, John Conrad Otto, first called patients with Hemophilia _________.
bleeders
Swelling (because the) lymph (is not draining well)
Lymphedema