Evolution (Notes#1)
Natural Selection
How Populations Change
Speciation
Evidence for Evolution
100
________ is the changes in heritable traits within a population over time.
Evolution
100
Natural selection explains how evolution occurs. It is survival and reproduction of organisms with the best ___________ for the environment.
Adaptations
100
The only source of new variations in a population...
Mutations
100
What is speciation?
The creation of a new species.
100
The fossils in layer C are ____ than the fossils in layer A.
Older
200
Where did Charles Darwin collect most of his evidence for his theory on natural selection?
Galapagos Islands
200
Natural selection acts on the (Phenotype or Genotype) of an organism.
Phenotype
200
Allele frequency in a gene pool changing because individuals are moving into or out of a population.
Gene Flow
200
A population is separated. Random changes in the DAN (______) accumulate in the two isolated populations and natural selection acts on them. This can lead to the development of new species.
Mutations
200
Remnants of body structures that no longer serve their original purpose show how populations have changed over time. What are these once useful body structures called?
Vestigial Structures
300
The process of Natural Selection working over very long periods of time can bring about the formation of a new species.
Macroevolution
300
The mechanism for evolution....Organisms with the best variations for an environment survive and reproduce. Those that do not, die out.
Natural Selection
300
Changes in the allele frequency in a population due to random chance.
Genetic Drift
300
What does this diagram show?
Speciation
300
Remains of once living organisms that found in layers of sedimentary rock show descent with modification, or changes in the traits of populations over long periods of time. What type of evidence is this?
Fossil Evidence
400
Charles Darwin came up with _______ _________ and Jean Baptiste de Lamarck came up with _________ ____ _________ ________.
Natural Selection, Inheritance of Acquired Characteristics
400
What are the four main forces that drive natural selection?
Overproduction
Struggle for Existence
Variation
Survival of the Fittest
400
A population of flowers has a lot of purple and yellow variations. A bird accidently spread a few seeds from the yellow flowers to a new area and they began to flourish. This is an example of...
Genetic drift
400
__________ __________ is how common a particular version of a gene is in a population's gene pool. Genetic drift, mutations, gene flow, natural selection and non-random mating can all cause changes in this.
Allele Frequency
400
True or False: Homologous structures provide evidence of a shared common ancestor...
True
500
What did Charles Darwin notice that helped him come up with his theory on Natural Selection?
Finches had different type of beaks according to their environment.
500
Organisms well suited for the environment
A. Eat less than those that are less suited
B. Are stronger than those that are less suited
C. Live less than those that are less suited
D. Reproduce at a greater rate than those less suited
D. Reproduce at a greater rate than those less suited
500
How frequently are mutations being introduced into a gene pool?
Always or Continuously
Randomly
500
Two frog populations have different mating seasons. They live in the same area, but never mate. Over many generations they become so different that they become different species. What concept is this an example of?
Speciation due to Reproductive Isolation because they mate at different times...therefore they cannot exchange genes.
500
Analogous structures are those that are built in similar/different ways in different species, but serve the same/different purpose.
different ways, same purpose