Lesson 1: Gases
The behavior of matter in terms of particles in motion
What is kinetic molecular theory?
Weak forces that result from temporary shifts in the density of electrons in electron clouds
What is a dispersion force?
The measure of the resistance of a liquid to flow
What is viscosity?
The temperature at which the forces holding its crystal lattice together are broken and it becomes a liquid
What is melting point?
Particles that diffuse slower than their opposite
What is a heavy particle?
A measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a sample of matter
What is temperature?
Metallic, ionic, and covalent
What are the three intermolecular bonds?
Found by the intermolecular forces, size and shape of the particles, and temperature
What is the viscosity of a liquid defined by?
The process by which a liquid changes to a gas or vapor
What is vaporization?
An instrument used to measure atmospheric pressure
What is a barometer?
KE = 1/2mv2
What is the kinetic energy formula?
Hydrogen bonds
What is the strongest type of bond?
Compounds that lower the surface tension of water
What is a surfacant?
When vaporization occurs only at the surface of a liquid
What is evaporation?
The pressure exerted by a vapor over a liquid
What is vapor pressure?
A theory stating that the total pressure of a mixture of gases is equal to the sum of the pressures of all the gases in the mixture
What is Dalton's law of partial pressures?
Between all particles
What is the location where dispersion forces exist?
The percent difference between densities in solids and liquids in most liquids
What is 10%?
The process by which a gas or vapor becomes liquid
What is condensation?
An element such as carbon that exists in different forms at the same state: solid, liquid, or gas
What is an allotrope?
A theory stating that the rate of effusion for a gas is inversely proportional to the square root of its molar mass
What is Graham's law of effusion?
Oppositely charged regions align
What is the way neighboring polar molecules arrange themselves?
Glass, rubber, and plastic
What is an amorphous solid (or examples of one)?
The point on a phase diagram that represents the temperature and pressure at which three phases of a substance can coexist
What is the triple point?
What is Evangelista Torricelli?