Carbon Chemistry
Name two of three pure forms of carbon
fullerenes, diamonds, graphite
Give one of the three possible structures of an alkane
Alkanes are saturated hydrocarbons (all single bonds) and can be straight chains, branched chains, or rings
Where do fossil fuels come from?
The remains of plants and animals that were crushed by pressure from flood or volcanic eruption, pressing out most of the oxygen and hydrogen
List two of the four major classes of biochemical compounds
carbohydrates, protein, lipids, nucleic acids
a lever
What is a hydrocarbon?
Compounds that contain only hydrogen and carbon
methane (CH4)
What are three types of fossil fuels?
coal, natural gas, petroleum
What are the reactants in photosynthesis?
carbon dioxide, water, energy(light)
What type of amusement park rides utilize centripetal force?
spinning rides, rollercoasters with loops and twists
A hydrocarbon that consists only of single bonds is called _____?
saturated
True or False: aromatic hydrocarbons are shaped like rings?
True
What is one difference between coal and petroleum?
Coal is solid, plant based. Petroleum is liquid and formed from remains of marine plankton and algae
A protein catalyst that speeds up a reaction is called a _______?
enzyme
What force might a forensic investigator be interested in when examining skid marks in a car accident?
friction- how much force it took to stop the car
What is an unsaturated hydrocarbon?
A hydrocarbon that has a double or triple bond in it
Which are more reactive- alkenes (double bonded hydrocarbons) or alkynes (triple bond hydrocarbons)?
Alkynes
What are the products of the reaction when fossil fuels are burned in sufficient oxygen?
Carbon dioxide and water
What is a vitamin?
Give two examples of healthcare machines developed by biophysicists
CT scan, kidney dialysis machine, cardiac defibrillator, pacemakers, X-ray, MRI
Explain what an isomer is
A scientist discovers a new hydrocarbon. She determines it has a ring like structure with double and single bonds. What type of hydrocarbon did she find?
aromatic hydrocarbon (unsaturated)
How is carbon monoxide formed?
There is insufficient oxygen for complete combustion of fossil fuels and the combustion reaction makes CO instead of CO2
What reaction is the opposite of photosynthesis?
Cellular respiration
How does the shape of an airplane's wings help the plane fly?
Curved shape causes air to move faster over the top of the wing, decreasing the pressure above the wing. The slower moving air under the wing has greater pressure, causing lift