Theories of Motivation
Theories of Emotion
Facial Expressions and Emotions
Stress and Coping
Psychologists to Know
100
Marcelo has a good job, a nice house, and plenty of food. On weekends, he skydives for fun. His weekend behavior is best explained by which of the following theories?
Optimal Arousal
100
Which theory argued that physiological arousal and subjective emotional experience happen simultaneously?
Cannon-Bard Theory
100
The experience of feelings such as fear, joy, surprise and anger.
Emotion
100
What are some ways people deal with stress?
Ex: Isolating oneself and withdrawing from society, Tend and befriend response: communicating with and supporting others
100
William James
Main contribution is James-Lange theory, which says physiological arousal comes before emotion.
200
The Yerkes-Dodson Law predicts that most people would perform an easy task best if they are at a
moderate/high level of arousal
200
Which theory emphasizes that some emotions are processed in a subconscious low-road, and some in a conscious high-road?
Lazarus Theory
200
The facial expressions associated with particular emotions are
very similar throughout the world (Paul Ekman)
200
The "fight or flight" response involves activation of the __ nervous system.
sympathetic
200
Abraham Maslow
His theory suggests that not all needs are equal. He described a hierarchy of needs that predicts what needs have to be fulfilled first and which follow after.
300
Instinct theory is related to the _________ perspective of psychology
evolutionary
300
The spillover effect notes that when physiologically aroused, we often take-on the emotional label of the people or events around us. This best supports which theory of emotion?
Schachter-Singer Theory
300
Your best friend just won the lottery. Even though you are envious, you also cannot help feeling excited along with him because you are both grinning from ear to ear. Your reaction supports the
Facial Feedback Effect/Hypothesis
300
Lewins Motivation Conflict Theory: Name the 4
Approach-approach conflict: when you have to pick between 2 desirable outcomes
Avoidance-avoidance conflict: when you have to pick two undesirable outcomes
Approach-avoidance conflict: when one event/goal has both an attractive and undesirable outcome
Multiple approach-avoidance conflict: must choose between two or more things that have both attractive and undesirable outcomes
300
Alfred Kinsey
Zoologist who, along with his colleagues, conducted a study on sexual behavior in 1948, which was the first of its kind.
400
Cindy is thirsty and takes a drink. Her motivation to reduce the need for water is best explained by (the)
Drive-Reduction Theory
400
The image here best relates to which theory of emotion?
James-Lange Theory
400
What happens when we feel negative emotions? Positive emotions?
The right prefrontal cortex is activated; The left prefrontal cortex lights up
400
General Adaptation Syndrome: Hans Selye came up the idea that stress response has 3 phases… What are they?
Alarm: our sympathetic nervous system is activated and our body is ready to face the stressor, raise in heart rate
Resistance: we attempt to cope with the stressor, our body is on high alert and stress hormones are released
Exhaustion: our body begins to give because we have been so depleted
400
Stanley Schachter
His theory suggests that following physiological arousal, people look to their environment 🌳 to determine the exact emotion they are feeling.
500
The correct sequence of Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
Physiological needs: air, food, water
Safety: shelter, place to live
Belongingness: intimate relationships, friends
Self esteem: loving yourself and feeling accomplished
Self-actualization: achieving one’s full potential
500
Which theory explored how emotions can be processed below conscious awareness by flashing scared or neutral faces on a screen faster than the faces could be consciously detected?
Zajonc-LeDoux Theory
500
What is a common stereotype of body language?
Women are better at reading emotional cues and are stereotyped as being gentle and emotional, men are stereotyped as angry
500
Name 3 Types of Stressors
Catastrophes
Significant life changes
Daily Hassles
500
Hans Selye
An endocrinologist who suggested that people experience major trauma in three major stages:
Alarm
Resistance
Exhaustion