Show:
Introduction to Food Microbiology
Food and Diseases
Role of Microbes in Food
Industrial Microbiology
Microorganisms as industrial products
100

What bacteria causes food poisoning 

Salmonella and/or Escherichia coli

100

Name a type of spoilage

Flat Sour,Thermophilic anaerobic, and Putrefactive anaerobic

100

What is Curd?

  • made of a protein case or formed by an enzyme rennin + lactic acid producing bacteria (provides added flavor and aroma)
100

What is Industrial Fermentation

cultivation of microorganisms for the production of commercially valuable substance

100

Describe Bacillus thuringiensis

  • Insect pathogens that regulate leaf-eating insect larvae
  • Bt-toxin
  • Subspecies israelensis
200

What are ways to use microorganisms to produce and transform food:


  • cheese from lactic acid bacteria
  • alcoholic beverages from yeast fermentation
  • raw foods into pickles and sausages
200

Describe Bacillus coagulans

 It is a probiotic "good bacteria" that is known for its ability to produce lactic acid.

  • Spore-forming bacterium
  • Gram-positive
  • Facultative anaerobic
  • Nonpathogenic
  • Capable of growth at a pH of almost 4.0.
200

Describe Saccharomyces cerevisiae


  • Yeast that ferments the sugar in bread dough
  • Highly developed over the years for fermentation
200

What is Strain improvement

  • an on-going activity in idustrial microbiology
  • improving the production of certain metabolites to large quantities
  • Penicillium - penicillin
200

What are the limitations of Biofuels - Ethanol

  • cannot be transported through conventional pipelines
  • 30% less energy content
  • put pressure on the supply and price of food
300

What is FOOD PRESERVATION

process of treating food to stop or slow down spoilage, loss of quality, edibility, or nutritional value

300

What is Aseptic Packaging

Procedure in which a pre-sterilized food item is stuffed and hermetically sealed in sterile packing materials in an aseptic setting without being heated to sterilize it.

300

What is Malting?

converting grain into malt as yeast are unable to use starch directly

300

What are Microbial Enzymes

  • specific and can work in moderate conditions
  • not costly, more production
  • do not produce toxic products
  • safe and biodegradable
300

What are the advantages of Biofuels - Algae

  • Harvest daily
  • Less space consumed unlike farmlands
  • 40x more energy than corn
  • Agriculturally nonproductive as long as sunlight is available
  • Carbon dioxide emission from power plants
  • Oils produced can be biodiesel fuel
400

In food production what is the use of microorganisms to produce and transform food?


  • cheese from lactic acid bacteria
  • alcoholic beverages from yeast fermentation
  • raw foods into pickles and sausages
400

What is Radiation /Industrial Food Preservation

Technology that increases food safety and increases the shelf life of goods by lowering or getting rid of insects and bacteria. Irradiation may make food safer for the customer, just as pasteurizing milk and preserving fruits and vegetables

400

What is the cause of thickening of the milk

  • due to a mixed culture of Streptococcus thermophilus (acid production) and Lactobacillus delbrueckii bulgaricus (flavor & aroma)
  • Ferments under 45 C for several hours
400

Give an example of Amino Acids

  • glutamic acid (L-glutamate) - monosodium glutamate (flavor enhancer)
  • lysine and methionine - cereal food supplements
  • Phenylalalnine and aspartic acid - sugar-free sweetener aspartame (Nutra-Sweet)
400

Describe Biofuels - Hydrogen

  • A promising alternative to fossil fuels
  • Can be generated by splitting water
  • Fuel cells - to generate electricity
  • Potential use of bacteria or algae for hydrogen production
500

Food spoilage is caused by micro-organisms like... 

fungi (moulds, yeasts) and bacteria

500

What is Commercial canning

use the right amount of heat necessary to kill spoilage organisms and dangerous microbes

500

Describe Diacetyls


    • provide the flavor and aroma of butter and buttermilk
    • combination of 2 acetic acid molecules (fermentation by lactic acid bacteria)
500

Give an example of Enzymes

Proteases,Glucose isomerase, and Rennin

500

What is Bioconversion

converts biomass to alternative energy sources