Theories of Motor Learning
Degrees of Freedom
Performance vs Learning/Measuring Learning
Explicit/Implicit Memory and Learning
Surprise me!
100
Intrinsic Motivation (autonomy, enhanced expectancies) and Attention (external focus)
What are the key components of Optimal Theory
100
The possible movements in our body that we can use
What are degrees of freedom
100
A temporary output observed during practice
What is performance
100
Not dependent on awareness or cognitive process
What is implicit learning
100
Be cognizant when giving ______ cues during implicit learning
What is explicit
200
Sensory feedback compared to a stored memory to correct and refine movement to achieve desired goals
What are clinical implications of Adam’s Closed Loop Theory
200
The stage in the Systems 3 stage Model of Motor Learning in which the degrees of freedom are reduced
What is the novice stage
200
A relatively permanent change in motor behavior that is not directly observable
What is learning
200
Suppressing music while studying for a MCML quiz
What is Habituation
200
Retention, Transfer, Efficiency, Flexibility, and Consistency
What are key measures of learning
BONUS: Give an example of how to measure Efficiency
300
Variable practice improves accuracy of recall and recognition & sensory info and error are desired
What is Clinical implications for Schmidt’s Schema Theory
300
When the body begins to respond with efficiency/skill
What is reducing the DOF
300
TRUE or FALSE: Even short-term changes that occur can be considered learning
What is FALSE
300
Ringing a bell prompts the door to open to access a treat, so you do it again
What is operant conditioning
300
Focus on the goal first, not movement quality
What is clinical implications of Implicit Learning
BONUS: Give an example of an implicit cue
400
A combination of Systems and Ecological Motor Control theories relying on search strategies for optimal perceptual/motor solution
What is the Ecological theory of Motor Learning
400
With training, the patient becomes more independent with joint control, with less co-contraction and now they are able to released all DOF and can optimize them to exploit forces
What is a progression from the advanced to the expert stage in the Berstein model
400
When we measure the performance of a task after a time delay and with slight variation in timing, force, or movement pattern
What is transfer
BONUS: How it is different from retention?
400
Another term for “Working Memory”
What is short-term memory
400
Memory Trace and Perceptual Trace are two key elements in _____ Theory
What is Adam’s Closed Loop
500
Recognizing you missed a step during your dance rehearsal when the next song started and fixing it later on
What is an example of Schmidt’s Schema Theory
500
Based on Bernstein, walking with circumduction in the more affected LE is an example of this biomechanical feature
What is freezing of the degrees of freedom
500
What is S-shaped
500
Process by which small individual pieces of a set of information are bound together to create a meaningful whole later on in memory
What is chunking
500
Inserts memory and emotion into 3D map for context in perception
What is hippocampus (accept amygdala too)