Paralegal Governance
Professionalism
The Relationship
Duty to Clients
Miscellaneous
100

Legal services that a paralegal is licensed to provide.

What is the paralegal scope of practice?

100

Being honest and acting with high ethical and moral principles.

What is acting with inegrity?

100

The paralegal's duty to be competent, maintain confidentiality, avoid conflicts of interest, and continue to represent the client unless the paralegal has good reason to withdraw.

What is the duty of loyalty?

What is the duty of service?

100

The client of my partner paralegal.

What is my client?

100

Legislation protecting equal rights and opportunities in certain areas, without discrimination listed grounds.

What is the Ontario Human Rights Code?

200

A statement or conduct by a person that is misleading or false and is intended to deceive.

What is a misrepresentation?

200

Making legitimate and honest efforts to meet your obligations without trying to gain an unfair advantage over other parties.

What is acting in good faith?

200

The duty that requires the paralegal to immediately inform the client about a conflict.

What is the duty of candour?
200

A database of all the prospective, current and former clients of your firm.

What is a conflict-checking database?

200

A relationship of trust and confidence requiring one person to act for the benefit of the other.

What is a fiduciary relationship?

300

Disclosure of the following information in your P1 application:

You guaranteed a car loan for a friend. The friend defaulted and is now pursuing you for the outstanding amount.  You do not have enough money to cover the amount owed so you have filed an application for personal bankruptcy.  

What is the good character requirement?

300

The paralegal's romantic partner is the small claims court judge who will hear the client's case.

What is a conflict of interest?

300

A letter informing a prospective client that the paralegal cannot accept the retainer.

What is a non-engagement letter?

300

Etik and Sal hire you to defend them against the plaintiff  (their neighbour) in a small claims court matter.

What is a joint retainer?

300
Ivan does not rent his apartment unit to anyone with a French accent.

What is constructive discrimination?

400

The Law Society Act (Ontario)

What is the enabling (framework) legislation for the Law Society of Ontario?

400

The paralegal is a part-time municipal councillor.

What is an outside interest?

400

An agreement to provide unbundled legal services.

What is a limited-scope retainer?

400

You act as an _____________ when your paralegal friend from Toronto asks you to meet with his client to receive a cheque, but tells you that he has complied with the client identification and verification rules.

What is agent?

400

Disclosure of confidential information as required by law, by the order of a tribunal, or by court order.

What is justified disclosure?
500

To provide a full scope of legal services in the area of immigration law you must be and accredited...

What is a Regulated Canadian Immigration Consultant?

500

A personal promise by the paralegal, to the opposing legal counsel, to do everything possible to obtain the tenant's keys to the apartment.

What is a best-efforts undertaking?

500

OHIP Card (Ontario Health Insurance)

What is unacceptable identification?

500

A person who believes that a paralegal is providing legal representation, even in the absence of a formal retainer (and without the knowledge of the paralegal).

What is a phantom (or ghost) client?

500
The disclosure of confidential information without client authority for purposes such as defending yourself against criminal or civil lawsuits or collecting client fees.

What is permitted disclosure?