Day 1: Heart Rate Lab/Characteristics of Life
What is homeostasis?
The human bodies internal balance, temperature, water content, waste content, etc.
What are three components of an atom. Hint +,-, neutral
Proton, Electron, Neutron
How many chromosomes do we have and where do they come from?
23 pairs, 46 total, comes from Mom and Dad
What is the general pathway of protein synthesis?
DNA - > RNA - > Protein
What is the end product of Meiosis?
4 haploid gametes
What is an example of negative feedback?
I have too much or too little, and I need less or I need more
What type of bond means electrons are transferred?
Ionic
What is a mutation?
A change in the DNA sequence made during an error in replication
What is transcription?
Changing from DNA to mRNA
What is crossing over?
What is an example of positive feedback?
I have alot and I want more, I don't have any and I dont want any
What are the four macromolecules?
Carbohydrate, Nucleic Acid, Lipids, Proteins
A set of instructions in DNA that is used to make a specific protein is called a…
gene
What is translation?
Changing from mRNA to amino acids to proteins
What are homologous chromosomes?
During Meiosis one, homologous chromosomes, line up horizontally and do crossing over. Homologous chromosomes are chromosomes with the same genes but one comes from mom and one comes from dad.
Are virus' living? Why or why not?
Made up of cells -NO
Can reproduce -Yes but not on their own has to hijack cell
Made up of a genetic code (DNA) -Yes
Can grow and develop - No
Obtain and use materials and energy -Yes, again after hijacking a cell
Respond to stimulus - Yes
Maintain stable internal environment -No, they do not have an environment to maintain
They evolve - Yes, COVID or the Flu is a prime example
What means the smallest unit, what is the combination of units? (ex. Amino Acid, Protein)
Monomer and Polymer
What are the two functions of DNA polymerase?
Join nucleotide bases together and proofread during DNA replication.
What part of the cell is responsible for building proteins? Who reads the mRNA?
Ribosomes
What are the gametes for humans?
Sperm and Egg
What are independent, dependent, and controlled variables in an experiment?
Independent - what we change on purpose
Dependent - what we measure in the experiment, responds to change
Controlled - what we keep the same between experimental groups
What is the role of carbohydrates in the body?
Bonus points: Can you tell me the other three and there functions?
Carbohydrates - efficient energy storage
Proteins - build muscle, bones, fight disease etc
Nucleic Acids - store genetic material
Lipids - inefficient energy storage, fats, membranes
What is the back bone of DNA?
Sugar Phosphate that is covalently bonded
What is the function of tRNA?
Bringing amino acids based off the codons on mRNA
What is the law of segregation?
You have two alleles, one from mom and one from dad, but you are only capable of giving up one.