Rancho Levels
No response
VI
Confused and appropriate
What scales do we use to measure TBI or comas?
Rancho levels
Glasgow coma scale
What might someone who has suffered a TBI experience?
A wide range of physical, cognitive, emotional and/or behavioral changes. that can affect their ability to function
What is the definition of a TBI?
an alteration in brain function, or other evidence of brain pathology, caused by an external force
II
Generalized response
VII
Automatic and appropriate
How can TBI patients get back to having optimal independence?
By providing a combination of adaptations and life skill training
What does coup/contre-coup impact result in?
A primary impact on one side of the brain and a secondary impact on the opposite side.
What is TBI caused by?
foreign body penetration into the brain
acceleration/deceleration
III
Localized response
VIII
Purposeful and appropriate
What are some lifesaving measures that may be done to save someone with a severe TBI?
craniotomy
CT
blood transfusion
What are the mechanisms of injury?
open vs closed
high vs low speed
focal vs diffuse
What is TBI not caused by?
Disease
Tumor
CVA
Seizures
Infection
IV
Confused and agitated
What level begins to be able to follow simple routines and may have an attention span of up to 30 minutes?
VI Confused and appropriate
What levels of support/therapy do they go through?
Hospital to rehab to outpatient clinic to day program
What are 3 levels/disorders of consciousness?
coma
(persistent) vegetative state
minimally conscious state
What are some risk factors for sustaining a TBI?
low SES
children under 4
adults over 75
previous TBI
adolescent males
substance use
V
At what stage can TBI sufferers begin to identify and compensate for some problems?
VIII Purposeful and appropriate
What are some things you may encounter in patients with severe TBI?
tracheostomy tube
feeding tube
ventilator
What are 4 characteristics of coma?
no eye opening
unable to follow directions
no speech or communication
no purposeful movement
What are 4 main causes of TBI?
automobile accident
bicycle accident
motor bikes
being struck as a pedestrian
gunshot
DV
combat
falls
sports
recreation
etc.