Professional Level
What is the term used to describe the process by which professional sports teams in the US select new players?
The draft
What opportunities do intercollegiate sports provide students (that sports classes would not)? (name ONE)
Students can: show off their athletic skills (to fans, media, scouts, etc.), compete at a higher level, earn recognition, & potentially get a scholarship
How many times do American students have PE per week?
At least 5 times (one class period per day)
What was the reason for the foundiing of a second national baseball league (the Negro National League) in 1920?
a ca. 60-year ban preventing Blacks from signing with and playing on White teams - the so-called “color line”
What are the two main football traditions apart from the game itself?
cheerleading and marching bands (and other halftime entertainment)
In professional sports, what is the term used for the period when teams can negotiate with free agents from other teams?
Free agency period
What percentage (%) of a university student's costs do partial scholarships cover?
They typically range between 50-90% of a student's total costs.
What happens to students when the competitive sport average is more than five hours a week?
They will be exempted for regular PE during sport season / They still have a sport class period that allows them to train on school-time.
What well-known tradition in baseball involves a notable figure—such as a politician or celebrity?
the ceremonial first pitch
What kind of informal pact used in (racist) baseball policies also served as a model for (racist) football policies?
the “gentleman’s agreement” (an unofficial agreement between owners) to ban blacks from white teams
Which professional sports league in the US uses a franchise system that grants teams exclusive rights to operate in a specific geographic area?
The NFL
What are the largest organizations that grant athletic scholarships in the US? (Name two of the three)
NCAA, NJCAA, NAIA
Who are the members of "booster clubs" in Texas (and elsewhere)?
These are independent organizations (not part of schools) - the members are largely parents and sponsors (but fans interested in fundraising can also join).
What might be the reason for the increase in viewership among women and younger viewers in the last few years?
a higher number of Latino MBL players
Title IX requires schools to provide girls "equal opportunity", not equal sports. Which sports do schools with boys-only interscholastic football teams usually offer girls? (Name 2.)
soccer, flag football, or rugby
Which term describes the characteristic of professional sports leagues in the US in which member teams are neither promoted nor relegated based on performance?
Fixed league membership
What was the reaction of the University of Texas after the change in NCAA policy that allowed student athletes to make money off their NIL?
Setting up group licensing through TBG to encourage student-athletes to apply for co-branding with the University of Texas (without co-branding students cannot use the university logos, etc.)
Are high school students in California exempted from PE after they complete the 2-year minimum?
No, it only allows them to switch to district- approved electives (sport specializations or alternatives, like modern dance etc.)
What baseball-related term is used to describe laws that impose an automatic life sentence on repeat felony offenders?
"3-strike" laws
Which three universities played a major role in the development of modern American football as we know it today? (name two of the three)
Harvard University,
McGill University (of Montreal),
Yale University
In professional sports, what is the term used for the process of teams trading players without any monetary considerations involved?
Player-for-Player trade
What are individual courses students can take to improve within a sport-related study? (name 2)
Sport science =kineosology/ sports medicine /marketing and management
When (what year) did Proposition 13 pass in California & why did its caps on property taxes affect school sports?
Prop 13 passed in 1978. It capped property taxes, which are a major source of school funding in CA. This led many districts to add/increase fees for extracurricular activities, incl. sports.
What was the infamous racist decision by the U.S. Supreme Court in Plessy v. Ferguson (1896), and what did it affect baseball?
the ruling that "separate but equal" was constitutional permitted legal (de jure) segregation in baseball and other sports where Blacks could form their own teams
In football-related language, what does the idiom “to do an end run” would mean?
taking evasive action, or finding a creative, perhaps elaborate, way around a problem