Electrolytes
this type of electrolyte carries an electrical charge, most often affecting the heart.
what is potassium?
this arterial blood gas level ranges from
35-45
what is the partial pressure carbon dioxide?
this electrolyte problem is seen in values <136mEq/L from too much water and not enough sodium. causes cells to swell, leading to confusion, seizures, headache.
what is hypo-natremia
pH 7.30 HCO3 normal PaCO2 50
Respiratory acidosis, uncompensated
pH low PaCO2 high HCO3 normal
In this concentration, the cell holds the same amount of the solutes as solvents or fluids, keeping the cell in a stable state.
what is Isotonic
this electrolyte is mostly stored in bones. it helps cause muscle contraction.
what is Calcium?
this arterial blood gas level ranges from
22-28
what is sodium bicarbonate? HCO3
This abnormal value >5.3mEq/L can cause cardiac arrhythmias,
what is hyperkalemia?
treatment bring down potassium levels with calcium, insulin, kayexalate, sodium bicarbonate.
pH 7.50 HCO3 30 PaCO2 normal
metabolic alkalosis, uncompensated.
pH high HCO3 high
This is the process of molecules moving from a HIGHER concentration to a LOWER concentration gradient to reach an equilibrium.
what is Diffusion?
this electrolyte plays a key role in nerve, muscle and BRAIN function. It is regulated by your kidneys.
What is Sodium?
this three arterial blood gases level range from
7.35-7.45
what is the pH?
Clinical features are often due to accompanying hypocalcemia and include lethargy, tremor, tetany, seizures, and arrhythmias. Treatment is with magnesium replacement.
what is hypomangesemia?
pH 7.50 HCO3 normal PaCO2 30
respiratory alkalosis, uncompensated
pH high PaCO2 low
In this concentration, the cell holds more solvent or fluid than solutes and too much solute outside the cell, forcing the fluid in the cell to MOVE OUT of the cell and thus shrinking the cell.
what is Hypertonic?
calcium and this electrolyte work together to help bone formation.
Calcium helps muscle contraction while
this electrolyte helps muscle relaxation
What is Magnesium?
magnesium helps regulate calcium absorption.
Name this electrolyte whose normal values are 135-145mEq/L
what is sodium?
I'm THIRSTY! s/s feeling tired or lacking energy, confusion, seizures or coma. this is also seen with this electrolyte imbalance but there is too much sodium and not enough water, causing brain cells to shrink.
what is hypernatremia?
pH 7.42, PaCO2 26, HCO3 18
what is Compensated respiratory alkalosis
pH is the only normal, CO2 is close to normal HCO3 abnormal (where HCO3 is helping normalize PaCO2)
This is the process of molecules moving from a LOWER concentration to a HIGHER concentration gradient to reach an equilibrium.
What is Osmosis?
this organs regulates your pH
what are your kidneys?
Your kidneys remove excess acids and bases from your blood through your urine.
Metabolic acidosis occurs when your body produces too much acid, or your kidneys don’t remove enough acids from your blood. such as seen in DKA, abnormal electrolytes, rhabdomylosis, kidney failure.
There is another name for fluid-volume deficit, what is it? and what are some s/s for this condition?
What is Hypovolemia?
Symptoms of hypovolemia include weakness, fatigue and dizziness. severe s/s confusion, muscle cramps.
Treatment with IV fluids rehydrates and replenishes the fluid your body lost.
pH 7.25, HCO3 20 pCO2 25
What is partially compensated metabolic acidosis?
nothing is normal
pH is low, HCO3 is closer to normal and paCO2 trying to compensate by helping HCO3
In this concentration, the cell holds more solute or salt than fluid and too much fluid outside the cell, forcing the fluid to move INTO the cell and thus causing the cell to swell.
What is Hypotonic?