Reading the Periodic Table
Look at the periodic table. How many protons does Lithium (Li) have?
3
Which category of elements is the least reactive?
The noble gases
Ina covalent bond, atoms give up or steal electrons. True or false?
False- covalent bonding is the sharing of electrons
How does an ion form from an atom?
An atom either gives up an electron or steals an electron
How many valence electrons does hydrogen have?
1
Look at the periodic table. What is the atomic mass of phosphorus (P)?
30.9738
The most stable elements have a full ______?
Valence electron shell
In covalent bonding, the inner shell electrons are shared. True or false?
False- the valence electrons are shared
What is an anion?
An atom that has stolen an electron and has a negative charge
How many valence electrons does carbon have?
4
Look at the periodic table. What is the symbol for silver?
Ag
The most reactive elements have the most _____?
Empty valence slots
Which of the following is NOT a covalent bond?
NaCl (salt)
H2O (water)
O2 (oxygen gas)
NaCl is ionic
What type of charge does a cation have?
positive charge
How many valence electrons does argon have?
8
Look at the periodic table. List 3 Alkali metals
What is more reactive, carbon or argon?
Carbon
What is the octet rule?
An atom is happiest and most stable with its valence shell filled (8 electrons)
In NaCl (sodium chloride), what atom GIVES UP an electron?
sodium
How many valence electrons does sulfur (S) have?
6
What is more reactive, nitrogen or chlorine?
Nitrogen (more empty valence slots)
How many covalent bonds are in a water molecule?
2
Explain how the ionic bond between sodium and chlorine works (NaCl)
Sodium gives up an electron to chlorine so both have a full valence shell. Sodium becomes + charged and chlorine becomes - charged
When sodium (Na) and chlorine (Cl) form an ionic bond, how many valence electrons does the chlorine ion have?
8
chlorine normally has 7 valence electrons, but steals one from sodium to make 8