Respiration
True or False: The intercostal muscle of a person contracts to elevate the ribs during inhalation.
True
What are the two major compositions of a heme group?
Oxygen and Iron
What are the three types of RNA?
mRNA, tRNA, rRNA
Using a codon table, what is the anticodon and amino acid equivalent of the codon AGU?
UCA, Ser or Serine
What syndrome is caused by trisomy or the presence of an extra chromosome aside from the usual pair?
Down Syndrome
What are the two major gases involved in the diffusion process?
Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide
True or False: All arteries carry oxygenated blood, while all veins carry deoxygenated blood.
False
What type of bond connects one nucleotide to another nucleotide to form nucleotide chains?
Phosphodiester Bond
DNA Replication occurs during what phase of the cell cycle?
S phase
What is an example of a beneficial mutation?
Forkhead box protein 2 (FOXP2) mutation
What are the other names of pharynx, larynx, and trachea?
Throat, Voicebox, and Windpipe
In what circulation loop is the deoxygenated blood pumped from the heart to the lungs for the refilling of oxygen?
Pulmonary Circulation Loop
What nitrogenous bases are classified under pyrimidines?
Cytosine, Thymine, and Uracil
True or False: DNA polymerase I removes the RNA primer, while DNA polymerase III adds new nucleotides on each strand following the Chargaff Rule.
True
What type of mutation is experienced by people with Helicobacter pylori infection?
Induced Mutation
When people choke on food, what organ failed to function properly?
Epiglottis
Wounds of Patient X take the longest time before it stops bleeding and heals. What component of the blood is the most responsible for clotting these wounds?
Platelets
What do peptide bonds connect?
Amino Acids
This enzyme unwinds and unzips the DNA forming the replication bubble and replication fork.
Helicase
What syndrome causes people to have a port-wine birthmark on the face?
Sturge-Weber Syndrome
What is the total lung capacity of a person if he has a vital capacity, tidal volume, and residual volume of 3 L, 0.2 L, and 1 L, respectively?
4 L
The standard range of basophils in a person must be 0 to 1%. If Patient X has 4% basophils in his blood, what type of infection does Patient X experiences?
Allergic Infection/Reaction
If the DNA is composed of 30% adenine, what are the percentages of guanine, cytosine, and thymine according to the Chargaff Rule?
Guanine (20%), Cytosine (20%), Thymine (30%)
What post-transcriptional modification should be done to remove the introns and retain the exons in the pre-mRNA?
Splicing
If the DNA base of a person is replaced from guanine to cytosine, what type of point mutation has happened?
Transversion