Immunology
T cell memory pathway going from Naive T cell to Effector T cell to Memory T cell
What is the Linear Pathway
IL-7 does this
What is memory cell proliferation
Th1 cells secrete this molecule to activate macrophages and stimulate IgG production
What is IFN-Gamma
This Th cell secretes IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13.
What is Th2?
After T cell proliferation, this type of T cell is found in 1 in 100 cells (less common)
What are CD4+ cells?
This IL is responsible for inducing CD8+ memory cells
What is IL-21
This Interleukin (IL) is responsible for T cell survival, proliferation, and differentiation, and is produced mainly by Helper T cells
What is IL-2
CD8+ CTL's recognition of target cells requires these 3 processes
What are recognition of MCH I-peptide complex, CD8 co-receptor binding, and ICAM-1 binding
Leukocyte responsible for Naive T cell activation
What is a Dendritic Cell?
Differentiation into CD8+ CTL's is controlled by these 2 transcription factors
What are T-bet and eomesodermin
Differentiation of Th1 cells is caused by these 2 molecules secreted by Macrophages, NK cells, and Dendritic cells.
What are IL-12 and IFN-Gamma?
This IL is responsible for survival of memory CD8+ cells (and CD4+ cells)
What is IL-15
Th cells assist in CD8+ CTL differentiation using these 2 methods
What are stimulating CD8+ CTL's using cytokines or enhancing APC's
CD8+ CTL's secrete these 2 cytotoxic proteins
What are perforin and granzyme B
IL-12 and Type 1 IFN (Alpha and Beta) stimulate differentiation of this type of T cell
What are CD8+ CTL's
The mechanism of CTL-mediated cytotoxicity differs from NK cells due to this one discrepancy
What is antigen recognition
This type of binding indirectly activates T cells by increasing APC expression of B7
What is CD40-CD40L binding?
T cell exhaustion occurs as a response to these 2 things
What are decreased IFN-Gamma production and increased inhibitory receptor expression
Decline of T cell immune response is due to these 4 things
What are absence of co-stimulation, decreased IL-2 production, T cell apoptosis, and activation of sensors of cellular stress
This is the main co-stimulator binding to fully activate a T cell
What is CD28-B7 binding?
CD8+ CTL's secrete this cytokine
CTLA-4 and PD-1 on T cells
What are inhibitory receptors
This Th cell secretes these 2 molecules, one of which recruits neutrophils in response to extracellular pathogens (2 answers)
What is Th17 and IL-17 and IL-22
This Th cell is termed the central element of cellular immunity due to its phagocytic-dependent defense
What is Th1
Eosinophil activation is due to this IL
What is IL-5