שומר אבידה
What is a שומר אבידה?
Someone who has an obligation to watch an אבידה
What type of שומר is a שומר אבידה?
רבה - שומר חנם
רב יוסף - שומר שכר
What is the difference in הלכה between a שומר חנם and a שומר שכר?
שומר חנם = פטור גניבה ואבידה
שומר שכר = חייב גניבה ואבידה
What is a טוען טענת גנב?
What is the difference in payment between a גנב and a גזלן?
גנב = כפל
גזלן = קרן
According to רבה, at what time of day could I return the אבידה to the owner's front porch? Why?
Morning
I could assume he will see it
What is רב יוסף's FIRST reason for שומר אבידה?
He is a שומר שכר because:
1. He is פטור from giving צדקה
A שואל is חייב even for an אונס. Is this mentioned clearly in the פסוק or learned out of a קל וחמר?
פסוק
What is a TTG חייב to pay?
כפל
Is a לסטים מזויין a גנב or a גזלן?
אביי = גזלן
רב יוסף = גנב
Do you need to inform the owner when you return an אבידה?
No
What is רבה's reason for שומר אבידה?
He is a שומר חנם because he does not get benefit
According to רבה, what type of אבידה will a שומר אבידה be חייב for even it gets lost? Why?
Animals
Since it got used to wandering off you should assume it will wander off
What are the 3 conditions for a TTG to be חייב?
1. He has to claim גניבה (not גזילה)
2. The claim has to make him פטור
3. He has to swear falsely
What is the reason to say that a LM is a גזלן?
What is the reason to say that a LM is a גנב?
גזלן = since he steals in front of the owner
גנב = since he hides himself from other people
The פסוק by השבת אבידה says: "השב תשיבם". Which word is extra? What does it teach us?
תשיבם
It could be returned to a garden or ruin
What is רב יוסף's SECOND reason for שומר אבידה?
He is a שומר שכר because:
2. He is forced to do it and not a volunteer
According to רב יוסף a שומר אבידה has to return it to a place which is משתמרת. What does משתמרת mean?
Protected from גניבה ואבידה
Why does a גנב pay כפל?
Why does a TTG pay כפל?
גנב = punishment for stealing
TTG = punishment for swearing falsely
What is the הלכה if a שומר שכר is a TTLM, does he pay קרן or כפל?
If you hold LM is a גזלן then he pays קרן, if you hold LM is a גזלן then he pays כפל
According to רבה, if someone finds an animal, and it got stolen, will he be חייב? Why is it different then אבידה?
No. By אבידה there is a סברא that it is used to wandering off.
According to תוספות, will a שומר שכר be חייב for גניבה באונס?
Yes