Broad Hot Springs
This type of energy is responsible for warming hot springs
What is geothermal energy?
These three macrostructures are the primary way in which hot springs microbes aggregate (hint: think pasta).
What are stromatolites, filaments, and microbial mats?
Aerobic metabolism can only occur in this area of hot springs.
What is the surface?
This term refers to a specific type of biomass, to which hot springs extremophiles are most applicable.
What is Second Generation
This gene is commonly studied, particularly in a phylogenetic context, when analyzing hot spring microbial communities.
This national park is home to a large number of hot springs, including the Grand Prismatic Spring.
What is Yellowstone National Park?
This type of nucleotide bond tends to be more prevalent among hot spring microbes to increase the thermostability of their genetic material.
What are G - C bonds
This type of metabolism is performed by most Cyanobacteria, including those found in hot spring microbes
What is Phototrophy
Antibiotic resistance
This challenge remains a problem when attempting to study many hot spring microbes in a lab setting.
What is (culturability).
Hot springs are hypothesized to have played this role in evolution (hint: this is a theory)
Whare the 'origins of life'
Many hot spring archaea posess this type of cellular membrane adaptation that is thought to increase membrane integraty and decrease permeability
What is a 'lipid monolayer'
This type of metabolism is performed by the filamentous microbial communities in LOCATION
What is sulfur reduction
This highly adapted thermostable enzyme first discovered in a hot spring microbe is responsible for the ease and efficacy of the modern polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
What is Taq Polymerase
This famous scientist is credited with discovering the first hot springs hyperthermophile. (Hint, his initials are T.B.)
Who is Thomas Brock?
This is the minimum temperature requirement for a hot spring.
What is 95 F... also tricky, there is no universal definition!
This catchy phrase encompases membrane adaptations of hot springs bacteria and archaea
What is the 'lipid divide'
Organisms that utilize oxidation of different compounds to generate energy, utilize inorganic electron donors, and can convert inorganic sources to organic compounds to perform metabolism are called this. (Hint: word stems)
What are chemolithoautotrophs
Pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass changes pH to levels within this range (hint, its broad)
what is 1-13
This type of hot spring often jets water into the air.
What is a geyser