WWI Causes
__________, or the competition over army and naval superiority, had a profound effect on all countries involved in WWI. Perhaps the most famous of these competitions was the _____________ .
What is militarism; Anglo-German naval rivalry
A total of _______ treaties were signed at The Paris Peace Conference, the most famous being the ________ which dealt with Germany, whereas the remaining four dealt with Germany's allies _______, _______, _______, and __________ .
What is 5; the Treaty of Versailles; Austria, Hungary, Bulgaria, Ottoman Empire (Turkey)
The _________ changes of WWII shifted global power leading to the rise of the _______ and ________ as superpowers.
What is geopolitical; US and USSR
An economic condition that can result from various factors, including increased demand, rising production costs, or excessive money supply in the economy.
What is Inflation
Name at least one Advantage and Disadvantage of the European Alliance System prior to WWI.
What is supposed to discourage countries from entering into conflicts with opposing alliance systems; once a conflict did happen it involved several countries and quickly escalated into a global conflict
Woodrow Wilson, being a(n) ________, was more concerned with establishing a _______ and _____ peace as opposed to his counterparts ________ and ________ who were __________ .
What is idealist; just and long; Clemenceau and Lloyd George; realists.
The Great Depression had the effect of decreasing _________ and ________ as well paving the way for the rise of ___________ states in Europe.
What are trade and cooperation; totalitarian/dictatorship
The _________ represents the different fluctuations any economy may experience and is made up of these four stages:
What is the business cycle;
1.Expansion/growth
2.Peak/ boom
3.Contraction/Recession
4. Trough/ slump
Imperialism, or the ____________ (define), impacted the three empires of ___________, __________, and _______ in the Balkans as each sought to gain control over this region.
What is the policy of extending one's power or influence over others through military means or otherwise; Austria-Hungary, Russia, Ottoman Empire.
Some of the impacts the T of V had on Germany included:
a. Massive reparations that diminished Germany's economy.
b. the rise of Communist groups attempting to overthrow the government.
c. German minorities kept within German borders.
d. Germany completely banned from joining League of Nations.
e. All the above.
f. A and B only
g. A and D only
What is (f) A and B only.
List three arguments in favor of and three arguments against Appeasement
What are.... In favor: Hitler standing up to Communism, the Treaty of Versailles being too harsh, Britain not ready for war, US not supporting in case of war, own economic problems, etc.
Against: Encouraged Hitler to be more aggressive, allowed German army to grow stronger, put too much trust in Hitler's promises, alarmed the USSR.
List the main features of the expansionary stage in an economic cycle.
Business investments increase
Interest rates go from low to high
Consumer confidence increases
Low unemployment
The greatest obstacle in the face of _________ independence was _____________ as it was a threat to Serbia's desire to ____________ these people.
What is Slav; Austria-Hungary; absorb
Some historical perspectives hold the immediate actions and decisions made by the Big Three solely responsible for the outbreak of WWII. These historians could be described as being _________ as opposed to _________ who hold a combination of factors responsible for the outbreak of WWII.
What are intentionalists; structuralists
For the following reasons many Japanese lost faith in the civilian government and Japan adopted a path of militarism and aggression that eventually lead to Pearl Harbor.
What are economic challenges during 1920s and Great Depression, political humiliation from the US and the West, growing support for Japanese military due to failing decisions of civilian government (limiting navy, ending expansionism, etc.)
This economic indicator allows for comparisons between countries, helping to assess relative economic performance and labor market efficiency on a global scale.
What is employment rates
Place these in the correct order:
Austria declares war on Serbia; Austria issues ultimatum to Serbia; Russia pledges its support for Serbia; Germany declares war on France; Germany gives Austria-Hungary carte-blanche; Britain declares war on Germany; Germany invades Belgium; Germany declares war on Russia
Germany gives Austria-Hungary carte-blanche; Austria issues ultimatum to Serbia; Austria declares war on Serbia; Russia pledges its support for Serbia; Germany declares war on Russia; Germany declares war on France; Germany invades Belgium; Britain declares war on Germany
The PPC and Treaty of Versailles demonstrated how _______-making could be as challenging as ________ - making. Provide a clear example that illustrates this.
What is peace-making; war-making; Examples of Big Three disagreeing despite being allies, Conference lasting an entire year, political tensions rising during Conference (ex. Italy, Japan)
Examine causality by giving two clear and well-supported examples of how the consequences of one conflict could be the causes of another.
Possible answers: Treatment of Japan in aftermath of WWI played a role in its isolation and adoption of aggressive, militaristic policies leading to WWII; The unfair treatment of Germany in T of V paved the way for Hitler to rise taking the T of V as a scapegoat for Germany's economic and political turmoil; the Great Depression as a result of hidden economic weaknesses in 1920s including overproduction of farming during WWI which eventually lead to countries rising tariffs against one another and decline in international trade and cooperation.
Identify and Define the two most common types of inflation.
Demand-Pull Inflation: Occurs when demand for goods and services exceeds supply. This increased demand can be driven by consumer spending, government expenditure, or investment.
Cost-push inflation: Arises when production costs increase, leading producers to raise prices. This can be due to higher wages, increased prices for raw materials, or supply chain disruptions.