Cell Theory
What are cells?
The basic unit that makes up all living things.
What is an organelle?
A structure inside a cell that performs a specific job.
What is a microscope?
A microscope is a tool that allows people to see really tiny particles, or plant or animal cells that the human eye usually cannot see.
What are unicellular organisms?
Organisms made up of one cell.
What do cells help us do?
Cells help us breathe, function, grow, repair, take in nutrients, and get rid of waste. Essentially, they keep us alive.
What organelle helps separate the inside of a cell from the outside world?
a) cell membrane
b) nucleus
c) mitochondria
d) chloroplasts
a) cell membrane
Who invented the microscope?
a) Anton Von Leeuwenhoek
b) Robert Hooke
c) Zacharias Jameson
d) David Liberte
Zacharias Jameson
What are some examples of a unicellular organism?
-fungi
-diatoms
-bacteria
-yeast
-amoebae
What is cell division called and what does it do for us?
Mitosis. Cell division allows us to grow into an adult and repair wounds.
What does a vacuole do?
-holds onto food and nutrients for the cell.
What is the difference between a dry and wet-mount slide?
Dry mount: A specimen is placed on a slide with or without a coverslip over it. This method is useful for viewing dry specimens such as hair or pollen. Wet mount: A specimen is placed on a drop of water on the slide, with a coverslip placed over it. This is often used for viewing cells.
What is a multicellular organism? List 2 examples.
-A multicellular organism is an organism made up of more than one cell.
-Ex: vertebrates such as humans /invertebrates such as worms
Who is Robert Hooke?
One of the first scientists to discover microorganisms using a compound microscope in the 1600s.
Name 5 organelles of an animal cell...
-nucleus
-mitochondria
-lysosome
-golgi apparatus
-endoplasmic reticulum
-ribosomes
-nucleolus
-centrioles
Name 5 components of a microscope...
-revolving nosepiece
-objective lens
-slide holder
-stage
-carrying handle
-condenser aperture lever
-condenser
-light
-coarse adjustment
-fine adjustment
-light intensity control
How do multicellular organisms meet their basic needs (ex: how do they move, acquire nutrients, exchange gas)?
-they move using their skeletal system/muscular system
-they acquire nutrients using photosynthesis/chewing food and using their digestive system
-they exchange gas using their respiratory system
What are the 3 facets of the Cell Theory?
-All living things are made of one or more cells
-Cells are the basic building blocks of all life
-All cells come from pre-existing cells
What are 2 major differences between a plant and animal cell?
-plants have a cell wall to hold up their structure - animal cells do not
-plant cells have chloroplasts to help them get nutrients - animal cells do not
-centrioles/centrosomes help with cell division in animal cells only
-lysosomes help with digestive system of an animal cell only
How do microscopes work?
Microscopes work when light is shined through a particle sample. The sample needs to be thin so that light can pass through. The sample also needs to rest on the stage to hold it in place. The sample is magnified using the microscope lens to help view the sample.
How do unicellular organisms meet their basic needs (ex: move, get nutrients, exchange gas)?
-they can move by changing shapes or swimming using flagellum
-they get nutrients by putting their prey in the vacuole
-they exchange gas using diffusion