Cramps, Exhaustion or Stroke?
Mild muscle contractions, moist skin, normal temperature.
What is heat cramps?
Follow this procedure:
1. Remove anything that may restrict blood flow to area.
2. Thaw the area only if you are sure it will bot freeze again. Use warm water or body heat.
3. Project skin with loose, dry dressing.
4. Elevate if possible.
5. Rehydrate
6. Encourage person to seek medical attention.
What is treatment for frostbite?
A combination of heat loss/constricting (vasodilatation/vasoconstriction) and heat loss/production (sweating/shivering).
What is human thermoregulation? (controlling body temperature)
Breathing Rapid and Shallow
What is heat stroke?
Follow this procedure:
1. Do not pull body part
2. Pour warm water
3. Gently help release the person
4. Treat torn skin as open wound
What is treating freezing of skin to metal objects?
Slightly elevated core temperature of 37 C(98.6 F).
What is heat cramps?
Altered, aggressive, or irritable behavior
What is heat stroke?
When you should do a 60s breathing check. If no breathing, start CPR and call EMS.
What is the procedure for Severe Hypothermia(in addition to Moderate treatment)?
Name two things to look for in snow blindness.
Redness in the eyes, Swelling around eyes, Pain/itchiness/burning in eyes that is intense, Temporary color changes/loss in vision.
Moist skin, normal breathing, anxiety
What is heat exhaustion?
The two main differences between Mild and Moderate Hypothermia treatment. (Mild procedure below)
1. Handle gently, 2. Keep horizontal, 3. No standing/walking, 4. Insulate/vapor barrier, 5. Apply heat to upper trunk, 6. Provide high calorie food and drink, 7. Monitor until improvement/call EMS if no improvement.
What is no food and drink and Call EMS immediately?
Name one thing to look for in superficial and deep frostbite.
Superficial(Hardened skin, Skin that looks paler than the area around, Pain/stinging then numbness)
Deep(Skin and underlying tissues hard/solid to touch, Skin white, blue, black, or mottled, Complete loss of feeling)
Headache, Fainting and dizziness
What is heat exhaustion?
Aggressive Cooling order of preference (Randomized order: Fan skin, Immerse forearms in cool water, Pour water on torsos, Immerse in cool water)
What is: Immerse in cool water, Immerse forearms in cool water, Pour water on torsos, fan skin.
Name an Environmental, Physical, and Behavioral cause of heat related illnesses.
Enviro: Heat waves, Above 75% humidity
Physical: Age, Mass/size, Sport equipment/protective clothing, Heart disease or some skin/hormone/nervous disease, burns, poor fitness.
Behavioral: No breaks, dehydration, dehydrating substances/medication, Stimulants, Salt depletion, Fatigue.