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Sleep Stages

100

What stage of sleep do we dream in? 

REM

200

What does REM stand for? 

Rapid Eye Movement

300

What stage of sleep do we experience sleep spindles & K-complexes?

N2

400

What stage of sleep do we experience delta brain waves?

N3

500

What stage of sleep is not returned to with good sleep?

N1

Dream & Sleep Theories

100

Who theorized that we dream to fulfill our subconscious wishes? 

Sigmund Freud

200

There are many theories about why we sleep.  Share two. 

Sleep Theory #1: We sleep to conserve energy. At night our metabolism and body temperature drop, resulting in burning less calories.

Sleep Theory #2: Sleep is a time when our body restores itself.  This is when muscle growth, tissue repair, protein synthesis, and growth hormone release occur in the body.

Sleep Theory #3: Sleep is when our brain flushes out toxins that accumulate during the day.  Research has shown that in rats, the space between brain cells increases by 60% after they sleep.

Sleep Theory #4: Sleep keeps us out of harms way.The more time we are asleep, the less likely we are to be discovered by a predator.

300

There are many theories about why we dream.  Share three. 

Why Do We Dream? 

1. We dream to fulfill our wishes.  Freud theorized that we dream to fulfill our subconscious wishes.

2.  We dream to remember.  Research has shown that we remember information better if we dream about it. 

3.  We dream to forget. Reverse Learning is where our brain reviews neurological connections and dumps the unnecessary ones

4. We dream to keep our brains working.  While sleeping our brains consolidate and create memories

5. We dream to rehearse.  Dreams allow us to practice our fight or flight instincts

6. We dream to heal.  Dreams may allow us to heal from stress.

7. We dream to solve problems. Dreams allow us to explore limitless problem solving.

400

What is reverse learning? 

Reverse Learning is where our brain reviews neurological connections and dumps the unnecessary ones

500

Why are there so many theories about why we dream and sleep?  (Hint: with decades behind them, what do scientists not know?)

• With decades of research behind them, scientists are still struggling to fully understand why we dream and sleep.

Misc.

100

*The Central Nervous System is composed of two parts; what are they?*

Brain & Spine

200

*Who taught us about classical conditioning by training his dog to salivate to a tuning fork?*

Ivan Pavlov

300

*Who theorized that all people are able to heal themselves with support & encouragement?* 

Carl Rogers

400

What does the prefrontal cortex do, in regards to emotions?

• Helps us tame our emotions by evaluating the emotional significance of a situation, consider the potential outcomes, and then generate appropriate emotional responses
• It is the thinking and evaluation center.

500

What are the 4 domains of emotional intelligence? 

• Self-awareness: knowing what we are feeling and why we are feeling it
• Self-management: handling your distressing emotions in effective ways, so they don’t cripple you and keep you from going where you’re going while also tuning into them and learning what you need to from them.  Every emotion has a function.
• Empathy: knowing what someone else is feeling
• Putting all the above together in a skilled relationship

Perspectives

100

What does the psychanalytic perspective believe? 

The psychoanalytic approach believes that human behavior is influenced by the subconscious mind, which is shaped by past experience.  

200

What does the behavioral approach believe? 

Behaviorists believe behavior is based on learned responses

300

What does the humanistic perspective believe? 

Each person has their own identity, free will, and naturally strive to be their best selves. 

400

What does the cognitive perspective believe motivates our behavior? 

It is how we think that motivates our behavior. 

500

What does the psychobiological approach study? 

How the brain and body influence how we think and behave