Attachment
What was Mary Ainsworth method called?
The Strange Situation Method
....way of measuring the development of attachment.
Patterns of attachment tend to persist when caregiving conditions remain
constant
pg. 109
Harlow's study had a terry-cloth mother and a _______ mother for the monkey.
What is a wire-mesh monkey
By the time a child is 2 years of age, nine out of ten parents have _________
engaged in some sort of psychological or emotional abuse.
The first phase of attachment is the initial-____phase
Preattachment phase (0-3 months)
Ainsworth
What is imprinting?
Process by which some species become attached to the first moving object they follow.
Lorenz's was well known when pictures of his "family" of what were made public
what is goslings...
By being present when the goslings hatched and allowing them to follow him.
What are features of Autism?
a. does not show interest in social interactions
b. may avoid eye contact
c. attachment to others is weak or absent
d. all of the above
d
The initial-preattachment phase is characterised by what ______ attachment?
indiscriminate attachment: the display of attachment behaviors toward any person. pg. 109
An infant must develop the concept of object permanence before specific attachment becomes possible. Which View of attachment is this?
a. cognitive. b. behavioral
c. psychoanalytic. d. ethological.
a. cognitive. if caregivers are to be missed when absent, the infant must perceive that they continue to exist.
According to Lorenz, attachment can occur only during a ________ period.
Critical
*Critical period: a period during which imprinting can occur.
True of False: parents react favorable when their infant daughters play with "boys toys" and their sons play with "girls 'toys"
False. It is the other way around. Adults, especially fathers show more negative reactions when girls play with boys toys and boys play with girls toys. parents try to shape their children's behavior during infancy and lay foundation for development in early childhood.
There are two types of insecure attachment, what are they?
What is avoidant and ambivalent/resistant attachment
This theory believes attachment behaviours are conditioned. Caregivers feed their infants and tend to their other needs.
a. cognitive. b. behavioral
c. psychoanalytic. d. ethological.
b
Ainsworth's tracked the behavior of Ugandan infants and found what?
Specific attachment to the mother, as evidenced by separation anxiety and other behavior, began to develop nat about 4 months of age and grew intense by about 7 months.
Autism is four to five times more common among which gender?
boys
What is the additional categories of insecure attachment, what is the name of it?
disorganised/disoriented attachment
*Babies showing this pattern seem dazed, confused, or disoriented. They may show contradictory behaviours, such as moving toward the mother while looking away from her.
Attachment is an inborn, or instinctive response to a specific stimulus.
which theory view is this?
ethological
Some researchers theorise that a baby's cry stimulates caregiving in women.
Mirror
pg. 120
What are the three phases of attachment according to Ainsworth?
1. initial-preattachment (0-3months)
indiscriminate attachment
2. attachment in the making (3/4 months)
preference for familiar figures
3. clear cut attachment (6/7 months)
intensified dependence on the primary caregiver.