Structures and Systems
Principal muscle of inspiration
What is the diaphragm?
An air valve that protects the lower airways and is a sound generator for speech
What is the larynx?
With advancing age, movements of this structure are slower during swallowing and have decreased range of motion.
What is the tongue?
Another name for the soft palate, located toward the upper back portion of the oral cavity.
What is the velum?
The primary biological function this structure is to prevent foreign objects from entering the trachea and lungs
What is the larynx?
The impact on voice: By adulthood, females’ vocal folds are about 21 mm and males’ are about 29 mm
What is lower pitch in male voices as compared to female voices?
Lungs, diaphragm (principal muscle of inspiration), rib cage wall, trachea, alveoli, muscles of inspiration, muscles of expiration
What are the principal structures and muscles of the RESPIRATORY SYSTEM?
This system moves air into and out of the body like a mechanical pump for life-sustaining processes like gas exchange, coordination with swallowing, coughing, and the driving force for speech production.
What is the RESPIRATORY SYSTEM?
Men experience an increase in pitch with advanced age - Likely due to this factor
What is muscle loss?
Larynx, epiglottis,
vocal folds, cartilage, laryngeal muscles
What are the principal structures of the LARYNGEAL SYSTEM?
Has multiple important roles in:
feeding
swallowing
resonance
articulation
What is the UPPER AIRWAY SYSTEM?
Women experience a decrease in pitch - Likely due to these factors.
What are edema and hormone changes?
Pharyngeal cavity
(pharynx and velopharynx)
Oral cavity: Teeth, hard palate, soft palate (velum), tongue, lips, muscles
Nasal cavity
What are the principal structures of the UPPER RESPIRATORY SYSTEM?
A structure of the UPPER RESPIRATORY SYSTEM that forms a resonant acoustic tube that SHAPES THE SOUND ENERGY produced by the respiratory and laryngeal systems INTO SPEECH SOUNDS
What is the VOCAL TRACT?
This structure occupies most of a newborn's oral cavity.