QUICK REFLEX
When the corner of the mouth is stroked, the baby turns their head and opens their mouth to find a nipple.
Heat loss caused by the conversion of amniotic fluid on the baby’s skin into vapor immediately after birth or after a bath.
EVAPORATION
Lifts head/chest when on tummy, social smile, tracks objects with eyes, cooing.
2 MONTHS OLD
Children play alone, focused on their own activity, not interacting with others.
SOLITARY PLAY
A fine, soft hair found on the back, shoulders, and forehead, more common in premature babies.
LANUGO
Triggered by a loud noise or sudden movement, the baby throws back their head, extends arms/legs, cries, then pulls limbs back in.
MORO REFLEX (STARTLE)
Transfer of heat from the baby’s skin to cooler solid objects they are in direct contact with, such as a cold table, scale, or cold hands.
CONDUCTION
Rolls from front to back, laughs, grasps rattle, holds head steady.
4 MONTHS OLD
Children watch others play, showing interest but not joining in.
ONLOOKER PLAY
A white, waxy, cheese-like substance that protects the baby's skin while in the womb.
VERNIX CASEOSA
When the head is turned to one side, the arm on that side extends, while the opposite arm bends.
TONIC NECK REFLEX (FENCING)
Loss of heat to the surrounding air, such as cool air currents from drafts, air conditioning, or fans.
CONVECTION
Pulls to stand, crawls, uses immature pincer grasp (thumb and index finger), says "mama/dada".
9 MONTHS OLD
Children play alongside or near others with similar materials but do not interact.
PARALLEL PLAY
A bluish discoloration of the hands and feet, which is a normal, temporary result of immature circulation.
ACROCYANOSIS
Stroking the side of the spine while the baby is face down causes them to curve their hips toward that side.
GALANT REFLEX
Transfer of heat from the baby to cooler solid objects in the environment that are not in direct contact with the baby, such as a cold window or wall.
RADIATION
Stands/walks alone, waves "bye-bye," uses simple gestures, says one or two words.
12 MONTHS OLD OR 1 YEAR OLD
Children play together in the same space, interacting and sharing materials, but without strict, shared goals.
ASSOCIATIVE PLAY
Common, benign, flat, blue-gray to dark brown birthmarks found on the lower back, buttocks, or limbs of newborns,
MONGOLIAN SPOTS
A protective postural response where an infant instinctively extends their arms, spreads their fingers, and braces for impact when tilted forward or dropped toward a surface.
PARACHUTE REFLEX
What is the primary mode of heat production in the neonate?
Pedals a tricycle, copies a circle, speaks in 3-word sentences, potty training.
3 YEARS OLD
Children play together with shared, organized goals, rules, and assigned roles.
COOPERATIVE PLAY
A harmless, common red rash with small, white or yellow pustules that can appear 1–3 days after birth.
ERYTHEMA TOXICUM