Physical
Define gross motor skills
Control, strength, balance, coordination of large muscles (arms, legs, trunk of body)
What is cause and effect?
T or F: spelling simple words is a language development at 8-18 months
False
What is the acronym for child development?
PILES
Physical
Intellectual (cognitive)
Language
Social-emotional
What is one way to handle a temper tantrum?
Remain calm, distract/comfort/redirect child, pause before reacting, speak when calm, validate their feelings
Define fine motor skills
Precise movements of small muscles (fingers, toes, lips, hand-eye coordination)
What is an example of a trial and error toy?
Shape sorters, puzzles
List a language development for 8-18 month olds
Babble in sentences
Transition from crying to making more purposeful noises
Understand simple directions
Enjoy activities such as simple songs
Name a sensory activity
Baths, sand, Play-doh, finger paint
Explore textures, food, music, nature, water, books
How can someone prevent a temper tantrum?
Observe, set realistic limits and reasonable challenges, maintain routines, offer real choices
Provide energy outlets, limit overstimulation, be present and responsive
List examples of gross motor skills
Crawling, walking, running, rolling, climbing, kicking, throwing, jumping
What is deferred imitation?
Young children learn by observing and imitating others
What is receptive language?
8-12 month olds understand more words than they can speak
Define egocentric
8-18 month olds only think about their own perspective and realize they have their own thoughts and feelings
Why do older infants and toddlers bite?
Teething, explore, learn, attention, communicate, frustration, anxious, imitation, teeth are new so they're learning how to use them
List examples of fine motor skills
Dump/fill/pour container, twist/turn object
Pick up blocks, turn pages of book, press button on toy, scribbling
What is object permanence?
Young children realize people and things still exist even when they're out of their line of sight
How can caregivers help improve 8-18 month olds' vocabulary and language skills?
Talk with toddlers during their daily routine
Read picture books
Listen to music
List an example of a Montessori categorizing activity
Color and shape sorting
Button or bead sorting
Sort by size
Living/non-living
Fruit/vegetable
What is weaning?
Transition period from bottle feeding to solid foods (8-12 month olds)
Lack of interest in bottle, doesn't want to be held when fed
What are milestones in physical development for 8-18 month olds?
Crawling, pulling to stand, start to walk, climbing
What is one way to reduce separation anxiety?
Create routines to build sense of trust and security
Peek-a-boo: verbally assure child you're still there even though they can't see you
How can a caregiver go about guidance and discipline?
Ignore inappropriate behavior, redirect, model appropriate behavior, create realistic expectations, include child in daily routine, give sincere and specific praise
What is one way to create a safe environment for young children?
What is the Rule of Thumb for meal planning?
One tablespoon of food consumed per year of age