Explain the meaning of the term “culture”
“Culture is a social construction, articulation and reception of meaning”
a set of our behaviors, themselves influenced by the set of norms and values that we hold
a human behavior and modes of thought, the ideas that individuals carry in the sense of a group
When was the Hofstede's cultural dimensions theory created?
a) 1960, b) 1970, c) 1980, d) 1990
c) 1980
Which parts of culture can be in an iceberg's "visible" part? (Name 3 of them)
Dress, art, food, language...
What is globalization?
Globalization is the connection of different parts of the world. Globalization results in the expansion of international cultural, economic, and political activities.
Can you provide an example of a cultural conflict?
For example war, dresscode, teamwork, religion
Explain the power distance index
Considers the level to which inequality and power are tolerated.
Which parts of culture can be in the "invisible" part of an iceberg? (Name 3)
Values, traditions, beliefs...
To what has increased globalisation led to?
It led to increased cultural exchange
Name the 4 most spoken languages in the world
Chinese, Spanish, English, Arabic
Give me examples of some countries that have a high degree of masculinity and some that have a high degree of femininity.
Masculinity: Japan, China, the United States, and Mexico
Femininity: Sweden, Norway, Finland and Denmark
Name one aspect that influences the upper part and one that affects the iceberg's bottom part.
Upper: Climate, geography
Bottom: Media, economy
What is the role of technological advancements in globalisation?
Communication technologies, such as the internet, social media, and video conferencing, have made it easier for people from different cultural backgrounds to connect and communicate instantaneously across geographical boundaries.
How can managers address cultural conflicts in the workplace?
Embrace Differences, Effective Communication, Respect Work Styles...
Give me examples of some countries that have a short-term orientation and some that have a long-term orientation.
Short-term: The United States
Long-term: China, South Korea
Who introduces the cultural iceberg model? (Last name)
Edward T. Hall
What is the cultural sensitivity?
Cultural sensitivity involves being aware of one's own cultural biases and assumptions while showing respect for the customs and norms of others.
Name a very well known cultural conflict which was caused by the dispute over whether slavery would be permitted to expand into the western territories, leading to more slave states, or be prevented from doing so, which many believed would place slavery on a course of ultimate extinction.
American Civil War
Explain the difference between indulgence and restraint dimensions.
Indulgence indicates that society allows relatively free gratification related to enjoying life and having fun.
Restraint indicates that society suppresses gratification of needs and regulates it through social norms.
In what year was the iceberg model introduced?
a) 1976
b) 1979
c) 1984
A
What is cultural hybridization?
As cultures come into contact with one another, they often blend and evolve, leading to the emergence of hybrid cultures that incorporate elements from multiple traditions and identities.