Mitosis
Meiosis
Cell Cycle
Vocabulary
Miscellaneous
100
What is the end result of mitosis?
Two genetically identical diploid cells.
100
What creates genetic diversity in meiosis?
Independent assortment and crossing over.
100
What is programmed cell death?
Apoptosis
100
What is the function of spindle fibers?
Assists in the movement of chromosomes
100
True or false. Diploid cells contain a full amount of genetic information.
True.
200
True or false. Mitosis has two rounds of cell division.
False.
200
True or false. Meiosis has two interphases.
False.
200
Name and explain the steps of interphase.
G1- the cell grows and carries out cell functions, S- DNA replication, G2- prepares for cell division
200
What are homologous chromosomes?
chromosomes that have the same sequence of genes, that have the same structure, and that pair during meiosis
200
Where does each sister chromatid in a chromosome pair come from?
Each parent
300
Which cell organelles aid during mitosis?
Spindle fibers and centrioles.
300
What is the end result of meiosis?
Four genetically different haploid cells.
300
What regulatory protein controls the timing of the cell cycle?
Cyclins
300
What's a centromere?
The region of the chromosome that holds the two sister chromatids together during mitosis.
300
What are the advantages and disadvantages of binary fission?
Advantage- already well suited in environment
Disadvantage- may lack survival traits
400
Describe what happens in prophase and metaphase.
Prophase- chromatin condenses into chromosomes, nuclear envelope breaks down, cell organelles prepare for metaphase. Metaphase- chromosomes are formed, nuclear envelope dissolves, cell organelles prepare for anaphase.
400
Describe what happens in prophase 2.
Starts off with two cells, chromosomes become visible, nuclear envelope dissolves.
400
Describe what happens in telophase in mitosis.
Complete set of identical chromosomes are are each end of the cell, nuclear membranes start to form, chromosomes unwind.
400
What is the definition of binary fission?
A form of asexual reproduction in single-celled organisms by which one cell divides into two cells of the same size
400
What is a cyclin?
regulatory protein
500
Describe what happens in anaphase and telophase.
Anaphase- sister chromatids are pulled apart to opposite sides of the cell. Telophase- nuclear membranes start to form, chromosomes unwind.
500
Draw anaphase II.
500
What is an external factor that would affect the cell cycle?
Physical- contact with other cells
Chemical- proteins, hormones
500
Distinguish between chromatid, chromatin, chromosomes
chromosome- one of the structures in the nucleus that are made up of DNA and protein
chromatid- one of the two strands of a chromosome that become visible during meiosis or mitosis
chromatin- a portion of the cell nucleus made up of DNA and proteins; it is the carrier of the genes in inheritance
500
What is the approximate life span of skin cells?
2 weeks