Angiotensin-Receptor Blocker
Beta Blockers
Calcium Channel Blockers
Ace Inhibitors
Miscellaneous
100

Describe how ARBs work and give an example.

They bind with the angiotensin II receptors in the adrenal cortex to block vasoconstriction and the release of aldosterone.  By blocking RAAS they lower the blood pressure.  

Losartan, Valsartan, Candesartan, Olmesartan

100

What nursing intervention is important when administering a beta blocker?

Monitoring the heart rate 

100

How do calcium channel blockers work and what are some examples? 

Prolong cardiac conduction, depress depolarization, and decrease oxygen demands on the heart. 

Norvasc (amplodipine)

Diltizaem (Cardizem)

Nifedepine (Procardia)

Verapamil (Verelan)

100

Describe how ACE inhibitors work and list the common adverse effects. 

Prevent ACE from converting Angiotensin I to Angiotensin II, works as a vasoconstrictor, and stimulates aldosterone release which lowers the blood pressure. 

Hypotension, chest pain, angina, and arrhythmias.  Non-productive cough, GI irritation, and constipation.

Monitor renal function test

100

How does a vasodilator work and what is it used for? 

Acts directly on vascular smooth muscle to cause muscle relaxation leading to vasodilation and a drop in BP.

Used for hypertension. by 

200

Contraindications for Beta Blockers 

Pregnancy-Category C

Asthma 

First-degree heart block, Heart Failure, and Bradycardia

Caution in Diabetics: Can mask the symptoms of hyperglycemia 

200

What drug class is commonly added to a patient's blood pressure regimen?

A diuretic