Organizing Data
This measure of center is more resistant to outliers than the mean.
What is the median?
observed y - predicted y
What is the residual?
This phrase is used to describe an observed effect so large that it would rarely occur by chance.
What is statistically significant?
This type of random variable requires a fixed number of trials.
What is a binomial random variable?
The type of significance test used for the mean of a single population when the standard deviation of the population is unknown.
What is a T test (or T procedure)?
To calculate, subtract the mean of the distribution from the observed x, then divide by the standard deviation.
What is the z-score (or standardized value)?
Measures the direction and strength of a linear relationship between two quantitative variables.
What is correlation (or r)?
randInt(1,9,3)
What is the calculator command for generating 3 random numbers between 1 and 9?
This type of random variable involved repeating an event until success is seen.
What is a geometric random variable?
The formula to calculate the one-sample z statistic.
What is z = (p hat minus p) divided by (the square root of p times (1-p) all divided by n) ?
This rule helps to determine if data is normally distributed by checking the number of observations within each interval.
What is the 68-95-99.7 or empirical rule?
The percentage of the variation in the values of y that is explained by the LSRL of y on x.
What is the coefficient of determination (or r squared)?
This experimental design involves the random assignment of units to treatments which are carried out separately within each group of units known to be similar in some way that is expected to affect the responses.
Events that have no outcomes in common and can never occur simultaneously, for which the addition rule is used.
What are disjoint events (or mutually exclusive events)?
The conditions to use this test include all expected counts be greater than or equal to 5
What is the chi-square test?
The square root of the variance.
What is the standard deviation?
Applying a logarithmic transformation to both variables causes this type of model to become linear.
What is a power model?
The 4 basic principles of experimental design.
What are comparison, control, randomization, and replication?
The condition involving the population size that must be satisfied to use sigma divided by the square root of n as the standard deviation of a sampling distribution.
What is 'the population is at least 10 times the sample size'?
A.K.A. - The 10% Condition
Two of the conditions to be verified for inference about a proportion.
What are the population size be greater than or equal to 10n (10% Condition) and n times p hat & n times (1 - p hat) be greater than or equal to 10? (SRS could also be one of the two) (Large Counts)
This calculator command can be used to find the area under a normal distribution and above an interval.
What is normalcdf?
Refers to the reversal of the direction of a comparison or an association when data from several groups are combined to form a single group.
What is Simpson's Paradox?
The five steps of a simulation.
1. Label your "individuals"
2. Randomize - Make a random process to simulate necessary components of the situation
3. Count - The number of occurrences you are checking for.
4. Repeat steps 1-3 many many times
5. Use the simulation to make a Conclusion
In a geometric distribution setting, interpret the mean of the distribution.
What is "The number of trials you would expect to complete before reaching your first 'success'".
b +/- t*SE sub b
What is the confidence interval for slope beta of a true regression line?