Growing Up Eukaryote
What is an organelle? (Give me 2 examples and what they do)
Lots of options here.
What is the difference between natural and artificial selection and give me an example of each.
Natural is better traits mean more babies. Artificial is humans choosing traits. Birds for natural and dog breeds for artificial.
What is a positive and negative impact humans have on the carbon cycle?
Lots of answers.
What are the 4 macromolecules and their monomers?
Carbs=monosaccharides
Lipids=none
Proteins= amino acids
Nucleic acids= nucleotides
Which process in meiosis is extremely important for diversity in sexual reproduction? Explain what happens
Crossing Over
Homologous chromosomes exchange information to become different than how they started.
The patient has arrived with a cut on their arm. I prescribed this type of cell division.
Mitosis
What are the 3 cell parts are involved in protein synthesis?
Nucleus, Cytoplasm, Ribosome
Choose 2 of the kingdoms and give 2 similarities and 2 differences
Lots of options.
What are the 5 steps of human evolution?
Bipedalism, tool use, bigger brain, smaller jaw, communication.
What properties of water are impacted by their special hydrogen bonds?
Universal solvent, adhesion/cohesion, high heat capacity, expansion on freezing.
Are all mutations bad? How would you know if one was good? What type of mutation goes unnoticed?
No!
Natural Selection
Silent mutation (the amino acid doesn't change)
Patient shows first signs of cancer. Investigated these two phases of the cell cycle to determine if checkpoints failed and wrote a prescription to stop this final phase.
G1 and G2. Prescription stops mitosis.
Where doe DNA replication occur and how does it work?
Nucleus for eukaryotes and cytoplasm for prokaryotes. DNA is untwisted, unzipped, and filled in. The process is semiconservative.
Do plants reproduce sexually or asexually? How do you know? (Be sure to include names of parts).
Plants reproduce sexually. Stamen produce male gametes and pistils produce female gametes. These are made through meiosis.
What are some negatives of renewable resources and positives of nonrenewable resources?
Renewables= new infrastructure, not reliable, difficult to store and transfer.
Non-Renewables= Easy to store and transport, already have infrastructure, take up less space.
What processes use carbohydrates and how is the energy stored/used?
Photosynthesis makes carbs (glucose) from sunlight and cellular respiration makes energy (ATP) from carbs (Glucose)
Which types of organisms use mitosis for reproduction? How does this impact their genetic diversity?
Patient shows problems with DNA replication. Asked lab to look into this phase of the cell cycle. Also asked for labs on this organelle to be returned
S-Phase.
Nucleus
Name 2 things eukaryotes have in common with prokaryotes and which kingdoms fall in each group.
They all have cell membranes, cytoplasm, and ribosomes. Archaebacteria and eubacteria are prokaryotes. Protista, plantae, fungi, and animalia are eukaryotes.
What are the differences in the processes of how an ecosystem formed by a volcano and one reset by a forest fire?
Volcanic eruptions are examples of primary succession because there is no soil. Pioneer species would arrive first. A forest fire is secondary succession. It has soil and grass arrives first.
Gene splicing is taking genes from one organism and putting them in another organism. Using your knowledge of the class and your group's opinion tell me the impacts this could have on individuals, society, and environment.
Lots of answers.
What are the structures of carbs and lipids; what are the monomers of nucleic acids and proteins
Carbs=rings
Lipids= Heads and tails
Proteins=amino acids
Nucleic Acids= nucleotides
Give me an 2 examples of events that could cause genetic drift and explain what they are
Drift= random, decreases diversity
A patient has questions about vaccines vs. antibiotics: When they get them, what type of immunity they provide and how they work.
Vaccines use active immunity and are taken before an illness to teach your body how to fight it.
Antibiotics ONLY WORK ON BACTERIA, are taken after infection, use passive immunity.
How do most antibiotics work and why would it be harder to cure a fungal infection than a bacterial one?
What process do producers do that no other group can do and how is it related to the process that consumers do? How much of that energy is lost at the next trophic level?
Photosynthesis. It traps energy from the sun that plants and consumers use for cellular respiration. 90% is lost.
A hydroelectric power plant is placed in a river. What biotic and abiotic factors should be monitored to determine the impact this power plant is having on the surrounding ecosystem?
Abiotic= temp, salinity, nutrients
Biotic= fish populations, bird populations, diseases
What is it called when water diffuses across a membrane? What is the difference between active and passive transport as it relates to concentration gradient?
Active uses energy (ATP) and goes against the concentration gradient (goes low to high)
Passive uses no energy and ALWAYS goes high to low
Is biodiversity good or bad? What are the 3 types of diversity that impact biodiversity?
GOOD!!!!!
Genetic diversity, population diversity, ecosystem diversity
A patient has skin cancer and is concerned about passing on the cancer to their baby. Why can't it happen and in what scenario could it?
Cancer is mutations in somatic cells and that is not something that is passed on. Only mutations in gametes can be passed on.