Layers of the Earth
the thin outer layer of the earth
crust
hot melted rock under the surface of the earth
magma
an inorganic substance found naturally in the earth
mineral
orderly arrangement of particles that make up a mineral
crystal structure
rock formed by heat and pressure deep below the earth's crust
metamorphic
the center of the earth
core
flowing melted rock on the surface of the earth
lava
a substance made of things that were never alive
inorganic
the color of a mineral you see with your eyes
color
rock that forms when layers of sediment and organic material harden
sedimentary
makes up most of the earth's mass
mantle
small bits of weathered rock
sediment
the color of the mark made when a sample is rubbed on a harder surface
streak
the way a mineral reflects light
luster
rock formed from magma or volcanic lava
igneous
a substance made of things that were once alive
organic
wearing away of rocks
weathering
the scale used to determine the hardness of a mineral
Mohs scale
how easily a mineral resists scratching
hardness
a rock-like substance that forms from decayed plant matter
coal
scientist that studies the structure, rocks, and minerals of the earth
geologist
movement of sediment from one place to another
erosion
______ that are beautiful and rare are called precious stones
gemstones
the breaking of a mineral along smooth, straight lines or into flat sheets
cleavage
sort into igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic: limestone, obsidian, slate
igneous: obsidian
sedimentary: limestone
metamorphic: slate