Introduction to Psychology
Psychological Research
Biopsychology
Sensation and Perception
Wild Card
100
Name the three Behaviorist Psychologists
Ivan Pavlov, John Watson, and B.F Skinner
100
Why are surveys tricky to use for psychology research?
Surveys are tricky to use in psychology research because they rely on self-reporting, which can be biased or influenced by social desirability or inaccurate recall.
100
Where does the neuron receive messages from other neurons?
A
100
The Absolute Threshold of sensation is the _______ ________ __ ________ needed to register a particular stimulus 50% of the time
minimum amount of change
100
Who is the “Father of Behaviorism”
John Watson
200
What are the two things scientists must ensure their hypotheses are before testing through observation and data collection?
Measurable and falsifiable
200
What is “Hindsight Bias”?
The tendency of people to overestimate their ability to predict an outcome after the outcome is known. (I knew you were a Capricorn!)
200
Whats the difference between Nature vs Nuture?
Nature refers to genetics and biological factors, while nurture involves environment and experiences shaping behavior and traits.
200
What are the 3 Factors affecting perception?
Motivation, Beliefs/values, and Life/Cultural experience
200
Freud believed that phobias result from unconscious conflicts, but Watson's Little Albert experiment used classical conditioning to demonstrate that phobias are actually the result of _______.
Learned Association
300
Rogers believed that providing genuineness, empathy, and ________ ______ _____in the therapeutic environment for his clients was critical to their being able to deal with their problems
Unconditional positive regard
300
What is an experiment?
a research method in which one or more variables are manipulated to observe the effect on another variable while controlling for other variables.
300
What is “G” and what is the purpose of it?
Glial cells: support neurons, provide nutrients, remove waste, and assist in signal transmission.
300
True/False: Red corresponds to longer wavelengths, yellow to intermediate, and green to shorter wavelengths.
if false, what is the correct statement?
False: Red corresponds to longer wavelengths, Green to intermediate, and Blue/violet to shorter wavelengths.
300
According to the law of ________, we are more likely to perceive smoothly flowing lines rather than choppy or jagged lines.
Good continuation
400
A researcher studying the factors that make an employee best suited for a specific job would most likely identify as what type of psychologist?
I-O (Industrial-Organizational) psychologist
400
Guess the Research Approach: On one single day, researchers collect data from three different groups of LSU students: freshmen, juniors, and seniors. They want to compare the levels of academic motivation across different year groups at the same point in time.
Cross-sectional Research
400
What are the two divisions of the Autonomic Nervous System, and what are their functions?
Sympathetic: Fight or Flight
Parasympathetic: Rest or Digest
400
The ________ is a small indentation of the retina that contains cones. Explain the purpose of cones
Fovea: Cones are photoreceptor cells in the retina that enable color vision and function best in bright light
400
Imagine you are driving at night and see a partially obscured, blurry red shape with white letters. Even though the details are unclear, you recognize it as a stop sign because of your knowledge and experience with road signs. This is an example of which type of processing?
top-down processing
500
Which theorist would most likely agree with the statement: "Perceptual phenomena are best understood as a combination of their components"?
Willam James --> Functionalism
500
What is the problem with naturalistic observation? (2 terms)
Observer effect: the tendency of people or animals to behave differently from normal when they know they are being observed.
Observer bias: the tendency of observers to see what they expect or want to see.
500
Guess the brain scan: A patient wears a cap with electrodes to record brain wave patterns while engaged in problem-solving tasks to analyze cognitive processes or detect abnormalities.
EEG
500
These photoreceptor cells are responsible for night vision and detecting movement in the periphery of the visual field, functioning well in dim light.
Rods
500
When neurotransmitters from nearby neurons attach to receptors on dendrites, they cause changes in membrane potential. If the charge reaches the threshold of excitation, an action potential occurs. Describe the process and the principle that dictates whether an action potential will occur.
What is the all-or-none principle? An action potential happens if the membrane potential reaches the threshold of excitation, or it does not occur if the threshold is not reached.