1
What is matter?in light and energy matter?
Occupies space, has mass
no
what is found in the nucleus and around it?
protons+ neutrons-electrons
How are two atoms held together in a compund?
By chemical bonds
What is the valenca of carbon in organic compounds?
4
What does hydrophobic mean? which organic compound is hydrophilic?
Water hate
Carbohydrates
Why the amoniacid is called amphoteric structure?
It shows both acidic and basic properties
How many aminoacids are found in the protein structure?How many are essential and where are they produced?
20
9-taken by nutrients
11-mare synthesised in the organism
How are classified carbohydrates based on the number of monomers
monosacharides
disacharides
polysacharides
What are isomers?Give to examples
Two different molecules that have the same chemical formula
How are classified based on carbon number?
trioze/tetroze/pentoze/hexose
What are the characteristics of water?
Cohesion
Adhesion
Heat capacity
What type of bond is found between two aminoacids?Waht is the name of the reaction by which proteins are formed?
Peptide
Condesation
What is the monomer of lipids?How is it formed?What bod holds them together?
3 fatty acids+ glycerol
ester
What is denaturation?Give one example in human body when the temperature increases above 40 degree celcius?
Shape of proteins is lost
-denaturation of enzume-reduces muscle contraction
-if it continues-heatstroke
What is the difference between saturated and unsaturated fat? examples
single and doulde bonds
What are the values of Ph?
1-7 acidic
7-neutral
7-14 basic
What is a structural formula?Geive examples?
the same chemical formula..Structural formula is different.glucose and fructose
What is biosynthesis?What substances are produced by this process?
Living organisms produce large molecules from small ones.carbohydrates, proteins, lipids
What is the composition of a nucleotide?
bases
sugar
phosphate
Define cohesion adhesion and heat capacity
cohesion-holds molecules of water
...
Write the names of three functional groups
hydroxyl
carboxilic
aminic
What can we do if we have a high level of acidity in our stomach?
Can we take an acidic or alkaline substance?Why?
basic-reduces acidity
What are steroids?Where are they produced? What are tw types of steroids that control sexula characteristics?
lipid -like
adrenal and sexual organs
estrogen and testosterone
What is a catalyst?Give an example of substrate- enzyme interaction
changes speed of reaction
Sucrose+ sucrase
Waht is activation energy?
explain graphically?
the energy needed for the reaction to get started