Atomic Theory and Structure
Periodic Table
Level 1
Level 1
Periodic Table
Level 2
Level 2
Isotopes
Nuclear Chemistry
100
Which subatomic particle determines the identity of an element?
Proton
100
What information can you gather from an element’s atomic number on the periodic table?
It tells the number of protons in the nucleus of the atom.
100
Name each of the parts of an element in the periodic table
Atomic number
Symbol
Name
Atomic weight
100
What is an isotope?
Isotopes are atoms of the same element that have the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons.
100
What is the process called when an unstable nucleus loses energy by emitting radiation?
Radioactive decay
200
What force holds the negatively charged electrons in the electron cloud and the positively charged nucleus together?
Electromagnetic force
200
What's the nuclear notation of these neutral atom?
188 O
200
In which group would you find the most reactive nonmetals? What about the most reactive metals?
Group 1, the Alkali metals
200
Why do isotopes of the same element have different mass numbers but the same atomic number?
Isotopes have the same atomic number because they have the same number of protons, but they have different mass numbers because they have different numbers of neutrons.
200
Which type of radiation involves the release of a helium nucleus from an atom?
Alpha radiation
300
What is the name of the force that keeps the protons inside the nucleus despite their repulsion from each other?
Strong nuclear force
300
What is the relationship between the atomic number and the number of electrons in a neutral atom?
In a neutral atom, the number of electrons equals the atomic number (the number of protons).
300
Draw a Bohr Model for the atom Argon on your whiteboards, AS A GROUP.
Is this element reactive yes or no? Why?
300
If an element has isotopes with mass numbers 35 and 37, and its average atomic mass is 35.5, what does this tell you about the relative abundances of these isotopes?
This indicates that isotope 35 is more abundant than isotope 37, because the average atomic mass is closer to 35.
300
In beta decay, a neutron splits into what two subatomic particles?
A proton and an electron
400
Explain how the electrons are organized in the atom and their relation with energy.
Electrons are arranged by their energy; the closest energy level (n = 1) has the least energy.
400
According to the Bohr Model, how many electrons can the first 3 energy levels hold?
2, 8, 18
400
Name 2 characteristics for each:
Non metals, Metals, Metalloids
Metals: Almost all are shiny solids with luster + Good conductors of heat and electricity
Non metals: Mostly gases or dull brittle solids + Poor conductors
Metalloids: Solids Semi-conductors
400
What's the difference between atomic number, atomic mass, and atomic weight?
Atomic number tells you how many protons an atom has.
Atomic mass is the sum of protons and neutrons in a specific isotope.
Atomic weight is the average mass of all isotopes of an element, accounting for their relative abundances.
400
What is half-life?
the amount of time it takes for half of a radioactive substance to decay
500
Explain why protons in the nucleus do not fly apart due to their positive charges, and what role do neutrons play in this structure?
The strong nuclear force overcomes the repulsive electromagnetic force between protons. Neutrons contribute to the stability by adding mass without charge, which helps balance the forces.
500
Which part of the atom is responsible for its mass and how can you calculate it? What about the electrons and how do you know how many electrons an atom have?
The nucleus, and you calculate it by adding the protons and neutrons.
The electron cloud, you calculate it like:
If the atom is neutral, p = e
If the it's an ion, then #protons - x = overall charge of atom
500
If an atom has 3 energy levels and 8 electrons in its outermost level, what group and period does this element likely belong to, and what's the name of this element?
Group 18 (noble gases) and Period 3.
ARGON
500
Fill in the chart AS A GROUP
500
What is the difference between nuclear fission and nuclear fusion?
Nuclear fission is the splitting of a large atom into smaller atoms.
Nuclear fusion is the combining of smaller atoms into a larger atom