Enzyme Basics
What is an enzyme?
A biological catalyst that speeds up chemical reactions in living organisms.
What is the primary role of enzymes in biochemical reactions?
o lower the activation energy required for the reaction
What type of enzyme breaks down proteins?
Protease
What is the name of the model that describes how enzymes and substrates fit together?
Lock and key mode
In what industry are enzymes commonly used for fermentation?
The brewing industry
hat term describes the specific location on an enzyme where a substrate binds?
Active site
What is the difference between a coenzyme and a cofactor?
A coenzyme is an organic molecule that assists enzymes, while a cofactor is an inorganic ion
Name an enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of DNA.
DNA polymerase
What is Vmax in enzyme kinetics
The maximum rate of reaction when the enzyme is saturated with substrate.
Name an application of enzymes in biotechnology.
Genetic engineering.
What factors can affect enzyme activity?
Temperature, pH, and substrate concentration.
How do enzymes influence the rate of a chemical reaction?
By providing an alternative reaction pathway with lower activation energy.
What enzyme is responsible for the hydrolysis of starch into sugars?
Amylase
What does Km represent in enzyme kinetics?
The substrate concentration at which the reaction rate is half of Vmax
How are enzymes used in laundry detergents?
To break down stains and enhance cleaning efficiency.