Section 1
How many years did Marco Polo spend in Asia (specifically, China)?
17 years
What made trading ventures in different countries so difficult?
They were very expensive and very risky.
What is rule of law?
The belief that no one is above the law, and the law applies to everyone equally.
True or False: Philosophy comes from the Greeks and means "love of wisdom"
True!
Which Italian cities were the centers for the East-West trade?
Pisa, Genoa, Venice
What were the benefits of establishing overseas colonies?
New resources and materials, as well as more territory.
Who was Voltaire?
Enlightenment thinker who condemned the church for withholding knowledge for power. He also condemned governments who upheld one religion and banned others.
How do natural rights and unalienable rights relate?
They are both rights guaranteed to the people that must be protected by the government.
Which country was the first to establish a settlement in the Americas?
Spain
What types of services did banks begin to provide by the 1600s?
They were able to issue banknotes, checks, and exchange currency from other countries.
Who was Diderot?
Enlightenment thinker who was credited with spreading most of the Enlightenment beliefs. Created the 28 volume Encyclopedia.
Why were Muslim and jewish scholars able to make significant contributions to academics?
Because they kept and expanded upon knowledge from Ancient Greece and the Roman Empire.
What sort of goods were Europeans hoping to purchase from Asia?
Perfumes, spices, silks and precious stones.
What four countries had the largest overseas empires?
Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, England
Explain the differences between the beliefs of Locke and Hobbes
Hobbes believed that kings had to rule, and that people were incapable of governing themselves. Locke believed that the government had to work for its people, and affirmed citizens rights.
Why was it important that universities operated independently from religious and political institutions?
So they could pursue knowledge without fear of persecution.
Who was Bartolome de Las Casas?
He was a Spanish priest who condemned the violence and treatment of Native Americas, and advocated for their protection on their behalf. Laws protecting Natives were passed because of this.
What two things did merchants need to know about overseas trade prior to trading voyages?
1. They needed to know what goods were in demand in other regions.
2. They needed to know how much goods cost in other regions
What government system did Montesquieu write about that influenced one of our government systems?
Separation of powers (the 3 branches of government: Legislative, Executive, Judicial).
In what ways were Greek Representative Democracy and the Roman Republic similar?
They both required its citizens to elect people to represent the common interests.